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Human Physiology II
University of Toronto St. George
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PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Red Blood Cell, Granulocyte, Extracellular Fluid

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Hypoxia-Inducible Factors, Oncotic Pressure, Extracellular Fluid

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Oncotic Pressure, Electrophoresis, Thrombin

Regulates ph, ion concentrations, water levels etch. Restricts fluid loss at injury site using blood clotting factors. Body temp regulation: vasoconstr

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Natural Killer Cell, Innate Immune System, Bone Marrow

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Innate Immune System, Respiratory Tract, Lymphatic Vessel

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Antigen, B Cell, Thymus

Psl301 lec 3: acquired immunity: specificity: respond to specific pathogens. B/t cells recognize specific shapes on antigens: versatility: able to resp

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Clonal Selection, Surface 3, Antigen

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Abo Blood Group System, Mhc Class I, Rh Blood Group System

42% a, 9% b, 3% ab and 46% o. Europeans: 85% rh positive and 15% rh negative. Asians, africans, native americans: 99% rh positive and 1% rh negative. C

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Antigen-Presenting Cell, T Helper Cell, Mhc Class I

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Von Willebrand Factor, Thromboxane A2, Vasospasm

Recall: platelets are needed for blood clotting; they have a half-life of 10 days; thrombopoietin increases platelet numbers. Megakaryocytes (giant cel

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Vasospasm, Endothelium, Hemostasis

Thrombopoietin stimulates production of megakaryocytes increase platelet. 3 phases of hemostasis (hemo- = blood -stasis= stop ): vascular phases. Vasoc

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Chordae Tendineae, Pulmonary Valve, Tricuspid Valve

Deliver good things and remove bad things. Cooling moves heat from the body core to the body surface. Two pumps are connected in series (in a closed sy

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Mitral Valve, Pulmonary Valve, Tricuspid Valve

Heat is a pump in a closed system. Function of circulatory system: transport/distribute substance to tissues, remove waste, cargo: oxygen and nutrient,

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Pacemaker Current, Pacemaker Potential, Resting Potential

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Vagal Tone, Adenylyl Cyclase, Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Aortic Stenosis, Aorta, Diastole

Ventricle and atria signals are scattered all over the place. Apply shock to reset all cells: atrial fibrillation. Loss of p wave, electrical signal is

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Heart Valve, Heart Sounds, Systolic Geometry

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Cardiac Output, Stroke Volume, Afterload

PSL301H1 Lecture 10: Blood flow

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Mean Arterial Pressure, Radial Artery, Pulse Wave

Pressure changes from high pressure to low pressure as it goes from arteries to veins. Rubber cuff is used to measure arterial blood pressure. When pre

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Skeletal Muscle, Endothelium, Cardiac Output

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Peripheral Artery Disease, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Rheumatic Fever

Rheumatic heart disease (caused by streptococcal bacteria) Deep vein thrombosis (blood clot at walls of vessels) and pulmonary embolism (blood clot in

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Vocal Folds, Gas Exchange, Bronchus

Psl301 lecture 16: the respiratory system and breathing. Reaction of oxygen with organic molecules to create energy, co2, and water in the form of atp.

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Phrenic Nerve, Lung Volumes, Ion Channel

Psl301 lecture 17: respiratory system and breathing part ii. Defected cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (cftr) protein due to mutation in gene. I

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Pulmonary Fibrosis, Gas Exchange, Pulmonary Compliance

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Freediving, Hyperventilation, Breathing

The demand of breathing is depended on levels of co2 in body!! = over breathing, feeling not getting enough air. Increase oxygen level in lung and too

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Brainstem, Cardiac Arrhythmia, Vagus Nerve

French physiologist jean-charles legallois noticed that after a person"s decapitation, the individual was still showing breathing movements in their mo

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Adipose Tissue, Fluid Compartments, Extracellular Fluid

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Renal Blood Flow, Starling Equation, Afferent Arterioles

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Tubular Fluid, Efferent Arteriole, Afferent Arterioles

Filter plasma water and solutes at the glomerulus. Despite what we eat and drink, solute concentration will remain in equilibrium between. In the tubul

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Perfusion, Hyperglycemia, Diuretic

Note: filtration rate in a healthy individual is 100ml/min it will take 6 min for someone to filtrate 600 ml bottle of water. Na+ is the major positive

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 29: Proximal Tubule, Brainstem, Body Fluid

Psl301 lecture 29: water: general information about water. Water gain: 2. 2l from food and water, 0. 3l from metabolisms total 2. 5l/day intake. Water

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: Insulin Receptor, Skeletal Muscle, Cardiac Muscle

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Metabolic Acidosis, Respiratory Acidosis, Methionine

Ph = -log[h+] = the amount of h+ Where does h+ come from: fatty acids and a. a (diet, production of metabolic acids from oxidation (metabolism) Fatty a

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Distal Convoluted Tubule, Ascending Limb Of Loop Of Henle, Portal Vein

Nitrogenous waste that comes from protein intake (protein converts to a. a) one is used to synthesis protein, and one is degraded in liver where amino

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 33: Pylorus, Soft Palate, Swallowing

Psl301 lecture 33: digestive system overview of the functions and. Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine. Liver, gall bladder,

PSL301H1 Lecture 34: Motility

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Coeliac Disease, Gliadin, Stomach

Secretions from accessory organs, specialized cells, and little material from the food you ingest. The fluid secretion is 2x the volume of the blood vo

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 36: Lactose Intolerance, Exopeptidase, Glut5

Glucose polymers like starch and glycogen can be digested into disaccharides, then further digestion occurs into monosaccharides for absorption. Mouth:

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 37: Esophagus, Submucous Plexus, Vagus Nerve

Psl301 lecture 37: control and disorders/diseases part 1. Vagus nerve to ens release of acetylcholine. Driven by stretch receptors to ens release of ac

PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 38: Balloon, Peptic Ulcer, Helicobacter Pylori

Psl301 lecture 38: control and disorders/diseases part ii. Could have blood loss if lining is severely damaged. Barry marshall drank a broth of culture