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12 Dec 2019

Axonemal dyneins are

responsible for axonal anterograde transport.
associated with cilia and flagella.
associated with organelle movement.
monomeric myosin-like proteins.
All of the above are correct.

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13 Dec 2019
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Related questions

Determine whether each of these statements is true or false and then explain why?

a) Myosin II molecules have two motor domains and a rodlike tail that allows them to assemble into thick filaments with motor domains on either end, which is crucial for the efficient sliding of oppositely oriented actin filaments past each other.

b) When activated by Ca2+ binding, troponin C causes a conformation change in the troponin complex that allows tropomyosin molecules to shift their positions slightly so that the myosin heads can bind to the actin filaments.

c) In most animal cells, minus-end directed microtubule motors deliver their cargo to the periphery of the cell, whereas plus-end directed microtubule motors deliver their cargo to the interior of the cell. (Be sure to name these motors).

d) Both kinesin-1 and myosin II move processively making them suitably adapted for their biological functions.

e) Axonemal dyneins mediate the bending of cilia and eukaryotic flagella.

not too details, just main points please...

1. What you should know about microtubles

- MT structure, what they are made of

- MT function

- Motor proteins(kinesins&dyneins)

- How kinesins move, coupling to ATP hydrolysis

- Microtubule Organizing Center (MTOC), how MTs are nucleated

- MT dynamics, how it's affected by drugs and MAPs

- dynamic instability and how its linked to GTP/GDP cycle

- cilia/flagella, axoneme structure

- how cilia/flagella move and the role of dynein

-intra-flagellar transport

2. What you should know about actin filaments

- F-actin structure

- F-actin Function

- Motor proteins (myosins)

- Actin dynamics, how it's affected by actin-binding proteins

- the concept of critical concentration

- actin/myosin structure and function in the contezt of muscle

- how muscle contract

- actinomyosin cycle (myosin movement), coupling to ATP hydrolysis

- How cells move and change shape, using actin

3. What you should know about IF

- IF strcuture, what they are made of

- IF function, roles inside and outside cells

- Regulation of nuclear IF in the cell cycle

- be able to compare major features of IF, Actin, and MTs

Bacterial cytoskeleton, that bacteria have proteins that

- polymerize

-affect cell shape, cytokinesis, ect.

- play analogous roles to MT, F-actin

4. what you should know about the cell cycle

- parts of the cell cycle, stages of mitosis

- MPF; how it was identified, what it is made of (cyclin and cdk)

- Universality of cyclin/Cdks (in yeast, frogs, etc.)

-how Cdk activity is regulated (many mechanisms)

- how Cdks function (by phosphorylation)

- how multiple cdks divide their function

- how the spindle is formed and mistakes corrected

- the role of motors and MY dynamics in above

- the tolr of proteolysis in mitotic transitions

- what a checkpoint is

- how checkpoints provide an additional layer of cell cycle regulation in case of damage

Indicate which of the following choices regarding types of flagella matches each of the characteristics below:

A.)Prokaryotic flagella b.)Eukaryotic flagella or cilia C.) Both a and B

__ Axoneme __Basal body resembling __flagellin __tubulin __diameter 14nm __diameter 0.25 __reversable rotational motion

__surrounded by extension of plasma membrane __whip or wave like motion

Typical cilia are about the same length as typical prokaryptic flagella but are over 10 times as wide. True or False

Both cili and eukaryotic flagella are compose of nine fused pairs of microtubules surrounding two unfused pairs of microtublues. True or Flas

Regarding enrvionrmental regulation of cell movement, the migration of a cell in response to an increasing concentration of a nutreitn would be an example of

A.) active transport B.)faciliated diffusion C)homeostasis D)chemotaxis E)exocytosis F)dynamic instability

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