A number of criteria have been created for evaluating if findings in observational studies are likely causal in nature. When most or all of these criteria are met, it is considered very suggestive that an exposure is likely the cause of an outcome.
Which of the following is consistent with the most commonly accepted criteria for using observational study findings as evidence of causation:
A. Elimination: Eliminating the exposure should result in a large reduction or complete eradication of the disease
B. Heterogeneity in outcome resulting from exposure: Exposure to the risk factor results in a myriad of variable outcomes
C. Uniformity in response: Exposure to the risk factor should result in disease regardless of amount or duration of exposure
D. Uniqueness to described conditions: The disease cannot be replicated in a controlled setting and is only seen under specific conditions
A number of criteria have been created for evaluating if findings in observational studies are likely causal in nature. When most or all of these criteria are met, it is considered very suggestive that an exposure is likely the cause of an outcome.
Which of the following is consistent with the most commonly accepted criteria for using observational study findings as evidence of causation:
A. Elimination: Eliminating the exposure should result in a large reduction or complete eradication of the disease
B. Heterogeneity in outcome resulting from exposure: Exposure to the risk factor results in a myriad of variable outcomes
C. Uniformity in response: Exposure to the risk factor should result in disease regardless of amount or duration of exposure
D. Uniqueness to described conditions: The disease cannot be replicated in a controlled setting and is only seen under specific conditions
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