Which of the following is the simplest collection of matter that can live?
A) molecules B) cell C)organ D)tissue E) None of these responses are correct
Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but NOT prokaryotic cells?
A) cytosol B) mitochondria C) plasma membrane D) DNA E) ribosomes
Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?
A) mitochondria, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane
B) nucleus, plasma membrane, and ribosomes
C) ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm
D) mitochondria, ribosomes, and cytoplasm
E) ribosomes, nucleus, and plasma membrane
Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through __________.
A) plasmodesmata B) a cell wall C) a gap junction D) a microtubule E) a tight junction
Which structure is NOT part of the endomembrane system?
A) nuclear envelope B) chloroplast C) Golgi apparatus D) plasma membrane E) smooth ER
Hydrolytic enzymes must be separated and packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. Which of the following organelles contains these hydrolytic enzymes in animal cells?
A) chloroplast B) lysosome C) central vacuole D) peroxisome E) glyoxysome
Which plant cell organelle(s) contain(s) DNA and ribosomes?
A) chloroplast B) mitochondrion C) vacuole D) A and B are correct E) A, B and C are correct
A cell with a lots of free ribosomes is most likely
A) producing primarily lipids
B producing primarily cytoplasmic proteins
C) constructing an extensive cell wall or extracellular matrix
D) digesting large food particles
E) enlarging its vacuole
Which of the following cell structures exhibits selective permeability between a cell and its external environment?
A) the plasma membrane B) mitochondria C) endoplasmic reticulum D) lysosomes E) chloroplasts
The plasma membrane is referred to as a "fluid mosaic" structure. Which of the following statements about that model is true?
A) The fluid aspect of the membrane describes its structure at normal temperatures, and the mosaic aspect describes the behavior of the membrane as the temperature is lowered
B) Only phospholipids are capable of moving in the membrane
C) The fluid aspect of the membrane is due to the behavior of phospholipids, and the mosaic aspect is due to the presence of carbohydrates
D) The fluid aspect of the membrane is due to the lateral and rotational movement of phospholipids, and embedded proteins account for the mosaic aspect
E) The mosaic aspect of the membrane is due to the glycosylation of phospholipids on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane
Which of the following molecules is most likely to passively diffuse across phospholipid bilayer the plasma membrane?
A)oxygen B)glucose C) sodium ion D) DNA E) Hemoglobin
Which of the following would be LEAST likely to diffuse through a plasma membrane without the help of a transport protein?
A) dissolved gases such as oxygen or carbon dioxide
B) a small, nonpolar molecule
C) a large, nonpolar molecule
D) a large, polar molecule
E) Any of the listed molecules would easily diffuse through the membrane
Which of the following statements about diffusion is true?
A) It involves only the movement of water molecules
B) It requires expenditure of energy by the cell
C) It is a passive process
D) It occurs when molecules move from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration
E) It always requires integral proteins of the cell membrane
When a plant cell, such as one from a peony stem, is submerged in a very hypotonic solution, what is likely to occur?
A) The cell will burst
B) The cell membrane will lyse
C) Plasmolysis will shrink the interior
D)The cell will become flaccid
E)The cell will become turgid
Which of the following is a correct difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion?
A) Active transport involves transport proteins, and facilitated diffusion does not
B) Facilitated diffusion requires carrier proteins, but active transport requires channel proteins
C) Facilitated diffusion can move solutes against a concentration gradient, and active transport cannot
D) Active transport requires energy from ATP, and facilitated diffusion does not
E) Facilitated diffusion involves transport proteins, and active transport does not
Which of the following factors would tend to increase membrane fluidity?
A) a greater proportion of saturated phospholipids
B)a lower temperature
C) a greater proportion of unsaturated phospholipids
D)a relatively high protein content in the membrane
E) a greater proportion of relatively large glycolipids compared with lipids having smaller molecular masses
The primary function of polysaccharides attached to the glycoproteins and glycolipids of animal cell membranes is
A) to facilitate diffusion of molecules down their concentration gradients
B) to actively transport molecules against their concentration gradients
C) to maintain the integrity of a fluid mosaic membrane
D) to maintain membrane fluidity at low temperatures
E) to mediate cell-to-cell recognition
Questions 18-25 on back
The first law of thermodynamics
Energy and matter cannot be created or destroyed but can be transferred or transformed to other forms
With each energy transfer or transformation, entropy of the system decreases
With each energy transfer or transformation, entropy of the universe increases
A and B are correct
A, B and C are correct
A process is spontaneous if
It is endergonic, catabolic and free energy is decreases (DG<0)
it is exergonic, anabolic and free energy is increasing (DG>0)
it is exergonic, catabolic and free energy is decreasing (DG<0)
it is exergonic, anabolic and free energy is not changing (DG=0)
A and D are correct.
Which of the following statements about enzymes is INCORRECT?
A) An enzyme lowers the activation energy of a chemical reaction
B) Enzymes can be used to accelerate both anabolic and catabolic reactions
C) An enzyme is consumed during the reaction it catalyzes
D) An enzyme is very specific in terms of the substrate to which it binds
E) Most enzymes are proteins
Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes this sentence. Catabolism is to anabolism as _____ is to _____.
A) exergonic; endergonic B) work; energy C) exergonic; spontaneous
D) entropy; enthalpy E) free energy; entropy
A molecule becomes more oxidized when it __________.
A) gains a hydrogen (H+) ion B) changes shape C) loses a hydrogen (H+) ion
D) loses an electron E) gains an electron
Where do the reactions of glycolysis occur in a eukaryotic cell?
A) across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion
B) the matrix of the mitochondrion
C) the inner membrane of the mitochondrion
D) in the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion
E) the cytosol
BONUS (6 POINTS EACH)
Most of the ATP produced in cellular respiration comes from which of the following processes?
A) reduction of NADH
B) substrate-level phosphorylation
C) glycolysis
D) the citric acid cycle
E) oxidative phosphorylation
How many molecules of ATP are gained by substrate-level phosphorylation from the complete breakdown of a single molecule of glucose in the presence of oxygen?
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) about 16 ATP E) about 32-36 ATP
Which of the following is the simplest collection of matter that can live?
A) molecules B) cell C)organ D)tissue E) None of these responses are correct
Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but NOT prokaryotic cells?
A) cytosol B) mitochondria C) plasma membrane D) DNA E) ribosomes
Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?
A) mitochondria, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane
B) nucleus, plasma membrane, and ribosomes
C) ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm
D) mitochondria, ribosomes, and cytoplasm
E) ribosomes, nucleus, and plasma membrane
Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through __________.
A) plasmodesmata B) a cell wall C) a gap junction D) a microtubule E) a tight junction
Which structure is NOT part of the endomembrane system?
A) nuclear envelope B) chloroplast C) Golgi apparatus D) plasma membrane E) smooth ER
Hydrolytic enzymes must be separated and packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. Which of the following organelles contains these hydrolytic enzymes in animal cells?
A) chloroplast B) lysosome C) central vacuole D) peroxisome E) glyoxysome
Which plant cell organelle(s) contain(s) DNA and ribosomes?
A) chloroplast B) mitochondrion C) vacuole D) A and B are correct E) A, B and C are correct
A cell with a lots of free ribosomes is most likely
A) producing primarily lipids
B producing primarily cytoplasmic proteins
C) constructing an extensive cell wall or extracellular matrix
D) digesting large food particles
E) enlarging its vacuole
Which of the following cell structures exhibits selective permeability between a cell and its external environment?
A) the plasma membrane B) mitochondria C) endoplasmic reticulum D) lysosomes E) chloroplasts
The plasma membrane is referred to as a "fluid mosaic" structure. Which of the following statements about that model is true?
A) The fluid aspect of the membrane describes its structure at normal temperatures, and the mosaic aspect describes the behavior of the membrane as the temperature is lowered
B) Only phospholipids are capable of moving in the membrane
C) The fluid aspect of the membrane is due to the behavior of phospholipids, and the mosaic aspect is due to the presence of carbohydrates
D) The fluid aspect of the membrane is due to the lateral and rotational movement of phospholipids, and embedded proteins account for the mosaic aspect
E) The mosaic aspect of the membrane is due to the glycosylation of phospholipids on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane
Which of the following molecules is most likely to passively diffuse across phospholipid bilayer the plasma membrane?
A)oxygen B)glucose C) sodium ion D) DNA E) Hemoglobin
Which of the following would be LEAST likely to diffuse through a plasma membrane without the help of a transport protein?
A) dissolved gases such as oxygen or carbon dioxide
B) a small, nonpolar molecule
C) a large, nonpolar molecule
D) a large, polar molecule
E) Any of the listed molecules would easily diffuse through the membrane
Which of the following statements about diffusion is true?
A) It involves only the movement of water molecules
B) It requires expenditure of energy by the cell
C) It is a passive process
D) It occurs when molecules move from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration
E) It always requires integral proteins of the cell membrane
When a plant cell, such as one from a peony stem, is submerged in a very hypotonic solution, what is likely to occur?
A) The cell will burst
B) The cell membrane will lyse
C) Plasmolysis will shrink the interior
D)The cell will become flaccid
E)The cell will become turgid
Which of the following is a correct difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion?
A) Active transport involves transport proteins, and facilitated diffusion does not
B) Facilitated diffusion requires carrier proteins, but active transport requires channel proteins
C) Facilitated diffusion can move solutes against a concentration gradient, and active transport cannot
D) Active transport requires energy from ATP, and facilitated diffusion does not
E) Facilitated diffusion involves transport proteins, and active transport does not
Which of the following factors would tend to increase membrane fluidity?
A) a greater proportion of saturated phospholipids
B)a lower temperature
C) a greater proportion of unsaturated phospholipids
D)a relatively high protein content in the membrane
E) a greater proportion of relatively large glycolipids compared with lipids having smaller molecular masses
The primary function of polysaccharides attached to the glycoproteins and glycolipids of animal cell membranes is
A) to facilitate diffusion of molecules down their concentration gradients
B) to actively transport molecules against their concentration gradients
C) to maintain the integrity of a fluid mosaic membrane
D) to maintain membrane fluidity at low temperatures
E) to mediate cell-to-cell recognition
Questions 18-25 on back
The first law of thermodynamics
Energy and matter cannot be created or destroyed but can be transferred or transformed to other forms
With each energy transfer or transformation, entropy of the system decreases
With each energy transfer or transformation, entropy of the universe increases
A and B are correct
A, B and C are correct
A process is spontaneous if
It is endergonic, catabolic and free energy is decreases (DG<0)
it is exergonic, anabolic and free energy is increasing (DG>0)
it is exergonic, catabolic and free energy is decreasing (DG<0)
it is exergonic, anabolic and free energy is not changing (DG=0)
A and D are correct.
Which of the following statements about enzymes is INCORRECT?
A) An enzyme lowers the activation energy of a chemical reaction
B) Enzymes can be used to accelerate both anabolic and catabolic reactions
C) An enzyme is consumed during the reaction it catalyzes
D) An enzyme is very specific in terms of the substrate to which it binds
E) Most enzymes are proteins
Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes this sentence. Catabolism is to anabolism as _____ is to _____.
A) exergonic; endergonic B) work; energy C) exergonic; spontaneous
D) entropy; enthalpy E) free energy; entropy
A molecule becomes more oxidized when it __________.
A) gains a hydrogen (H+) ion B) changes shape C) loses a hydrogen (H+) ion
D) loses an electron E) gains an electron
Where do the reactions of glycolysis occur in a eukaryotic cell?
A) across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion
B) the matrix of the mitochondrion
C) the inner membrane of the mitochondrion
D) in the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion
E) the cytosol
BONUS (6 POINTS EACH)
Most of the ATP produced in cellular respiration comes from which of the following processes?
A) reduction of NADH
B) substrate-level phosphorylation
C) glycolysis
D) the citric acid cycle
E) oxidative phosphorylation
How many molecules of ATP are gained by substrate-level phosphorylation from the complete breakdown of a single molecule of glucose in the presence of oxygen?
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) about 16 ATP E) about 32-36 ATP
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Related questions
You study a transmembrane protein that is trafficked through theendoplasmic reticulum but ultimately âlivesâ in the plasmamembrane. Suppose the domain of this protein which is exposed onthe outer face of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane was covalently(and specifically) labeled with a fluorescent dye in a living cell.When the protein is distributed among cellular compartments, wherewould you expect the dye to be located?
Question 7 options:
A) The dye will be on the outer face of the endoplasmicreticulum, on the inner face of the Golgi apparatus, and on theextracellular face of the plasma membrane.
B) The dye will be on the inner face of the endoplasmicreticulum, on the inner face of the Golgi apparatus, and on theintracellular face of the plasma membrane.
C) The dye will be on the outer face of the endoplasmicreticulum, on the outer face of the Golgi apparatus, and on theintracellular face of the plasma membrane.
D) The dye will be on the outer face of the endoplasmicreticulum, on the outer face of the Golgi apparatus, and on theextracellular face of the plasma membrane.
Eukaryotic cells manufacture fibrous cytoskeletal proteins thatfunction in the cytoplasm to maintain cell shape by providingstructural support, move materials within the cell, and move theentire structure. Which of the following predictions about proteinsynthesis, processing, and trafficking applies to the general classof cytoskeletal proteins?
Question 8 options:
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