Question

3. Which of the following is a FALSE statement regarding carbohydrate structure and function?

Carbohydrates are a source of fiber in the diet.

Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Carbohydrates contain 9 kcal per gram.

Carbohydrates are composed of one or more sugar units.

Carbohydrate consumption reduces the use of protein for energy.

5.An oligosaccharide is a:

polysaccharide made up of numerous glucose units.

short-chain carbohydrate.

carbohydrate that consists of one sugar molecule.

long-chain carbohydrate.

polysaccharide made up of glycogen.

6. Which of the following foods contains the MOST grams of carbohydrates?

oatmeal, 1/2 cup

black beans, 1/4 cup

corn, 1/2 cup

raisins, 1/2 cup

yogurt (plain, low fat), 1 cup

7.Which portion of the whole grain contains the majority of dietary fiber and a significant amount of B vitamins and minerals?

endosperm

germ

bran

grain

kernel

8. In the small intestine, pancreatic amylase continues to break down starch, converting it to

sucrose.

salivary amylase.

polysaccharides.

galactose.

maltose and oligosaccharides.

9.Which stimulates the pancreas to secrete insulin?

elevated glycogen in the liver

decreased blood glucose

ketoacidosis

elevated blood glucose

elevated ketone bodies in the blood

10.Insulin promotes conversion of excess glucose to glycogen in the:

skeletal and cardiac muscles only.

liver and adipose tissue.

brain, muscles, and liver.

liver, adipose tissue, and kidneys.

liver and skeletal muscles.

Prediabetes:

is triggered by an autoimmune disorder.

can be reversed by early lifestyle intervention.

can be managed, but not cured.

is diagnosed by the onset of ketoacidosis.

is due to loss of the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin.

Which is NOT a risk factor for type 2 diabetes?

genetics

gender

inactivity

obesity

poor nutrition

Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes results in higher risk of all of the following, EXCEPT:

autoimmune disorders.

kidney failure.

cardiovascular disease.

blindness.

limb amputations.

14. The oral glucose tolerance test includes the intake of:

75 g lactose and measured blood glucose levels 2 hours later.

50 g white bread and measured blood glucose levels 1 hour later.

50 g lactose and measured blood glucose levels 1 hour later.

50 g glucose and measured blood glucose levels 1 hour later.

75 g glucose and measured blood glucose levels 2 hours later.

Which is NOT true about gestational diabetes?

It increases the mother's future risk of type 1 diabetes.

It increases the infant's future risk of obesity.

It causes pregnancy complications.

It increases the infant's future risk of type 2 diabetes.

It resolves shortly after the woman gives birth.

Which of these clinical tests enables type 1 diabetes to be distinguished from type 2 diabetes?

lower insulin levels

higher ketone bodies in the blood

higher fasting blood glucose levels

higher glucose levels in the urine

higher oral glucose tolerance test values

17. Which changes in the urine are possible signs of diabetes?

increased volume and ketone bodie

increased acidity and ketone bodies

increased volume and darker color

increased mineral content

increased glucose and ketone bodies

18. Which oil provides the most alpha-linolenic acid?

corn oil

coconut oil

flaxseed oil

olive oil

fish oil

19. Which food combination does NOT contain cholesterol?

peanut butter and jelly sandwich

cereal and milk

cheese and macaroni

fish and French fries

ice cream sundae topped with nuts

20. You are purchasing a spread and want to avoid trans fatty acids. Which would you avoid since it is the most likely to contain trans fatty acids?

olive oil

partially hydrogenated vegetable oil

mayonnaise

fully hydrogenated vegetable oil

butter