The ratio of mass transfer by convection/advection to that of diffusion in the same direction is called the number.

1. The cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus, is one of the fastest land mammals. Cheetahs spend much of their time resting, but can run at very high speeds when hunting. What changes can occur in the oxygen transport cascade to accommodate this increase in metabolic rate? Distinguish acute changes (with the onset of exercise) from chronic changes (or acclimatization to increased O2 demand in any mammal.

2. The oxygen transport cascade has two convective steps and two diffusive steps alternating. Which of the following reasons describes why convective movement of oxygen is needed?

a. Convection is the mass movement of fluid (both liquid and gaseous)

b. Convection typically covers three or four orders of magnitude more distance than diffusion

c. Diffusion is effective over distances up to 0.5 meters

d. Diffusion occurs through Brownian motion; diffusion of gas is down its partialpressure gradient

e.All of the above

The transfer of genes by a mechanism not involving asexual reproduction is called:

(a) Meiosis

(b) Web of life

(c) Horizontal gene transfer

(d) Gene fusion