Biological Compounds 1

Example: Effect of Soap on Surface Tension of Water]

Type your title here.

Experimental Methods

[This section should be written in paragraph form and describe how the experiment was conducted, including a description of controls and how the measurements were taken.

Example: The surface tension of water was tested by counting the number of drops that could fit on the head of a penny before it spilled over. Both samples of water were left at room temperature for several hours before use. Approximately 1 mL of soap was added to one sample of water. The same penny was used for both tests, and it was rinsed and dried thoroughly between tests. Three trials were conducted for each test."

Type your experimental methods here.

Example: Table 1. Average Number of Drops Added to Head of Penny for Three Trials.

Look at picture for a better understanding.

Samble

Average number of drops

50

water and soap

10

]

Type your data and observations here.

Describe the components and process of time-of-entry mapping. Include in your answer a description of the biological process that is occurring, as well as a brief description of the experimental methodology

Experimental Review

Below are five hypothetical experimental designs. Your job as a reviewer is to pick one of the experiments and write a detailed summary of what is wrong with the proposed study.

Your review should use vocabulary words that have been discussed in class and address the following questions.

Is the study feasible? Will it actually be possible to conduct the proposed study in a controlled manner that produces meaningful data? If there is more than one variable changing simultaneously, no controls, or no replication, then the study is unlikely to produce meaningful data. If there is no way to monitor an experiment in the environment, or no way to conduct the experiment in a controlled environment, like a laboratory, then the experiment is unlikely feasible.

Can you tell from the text if the experiment is designed to be conducted by performing treatments, or by analyzing observational data about a species and its habitat?

Is there a testable hypothesis? Is the study set up so that it will be possible to measure the effects in a quantifiable way? What will be measured? Is there a control group and a treatment group? Or, an independent variable like temperature, and a dependent variable like germination time?

Could you graph the results of this experiment? If so, how would you do it? A column chart to show treatments and controls? A scatter plot or a line graph to look at how changes in the independent variable affect the dependent variable?

Create a post on the discussion board by clicking on "Click to Launch" above.

1. Experiments to Review

1. Climate Change Effects on Marine Iguana Mortality

Hypothesis: If the water temperature in the Galapagos Islands changed from being hot (around 77 degrees) to cold (under 70 degrees), then the mortality rate of Marine Iguanas will increase.

Variables: The independent variable is the temperature of the water that the Marine Iguanas live in. The dependent variable is the mortality rate of the Marine Iguanas. The mortality rate of the Marine Iguanas at the average water temperatures of their habitat.

Experimental Treatments: Iguana Group 1 will be water temperatures and marine iguana mortality rates before 1998. Iguana Group 2 will be water temperatures marine iguana mortality rates after 1998

Prediction:By comparting the average water temperatures with the mortality rates every year before the sudden drop in the iguana population and after a trend will be able to be seen. If the water temperature is truly to blame for the mortality rate increase the water temperature will decrease as the population of Iguanas decreases. The control group is intended to show the average number of Iguanas that die due to other causes.

2. Volcanic Ash Impacts Marine Iguana Longevity

Hypothesis: There are several volcanoes between both the Isabela, and Femandina islands which make this the obvious culprit for the extreme rise in mortality in Marine Iguanas.

Variables: The independent variable is the number of volcanic eruptions per year. The dependent variables are the change in pH of the water in the marine iguanas’ habitat, and the mortality rate of the iguanas.

Experimental Treatments: Iguana Group 1 will live on an island with multiple volcanic eruptions each year. Iguana Group 2 will live on an island with no volcanic eruptions.

Prediction: The group of iguanas living on the island with no eruptions will have longer life spans because the pH of the water will not be altered by the large number of volcanic eruptions.

Design an experiment in which you will test theeffect of an acidic fluid on enzymatic activity. (Recall: enzymesare proteins.) To complete this project, it may be useful for youto review the Scientific Method Tutorial (foundthe Course Content section of the classroom under the ScienceLearning Center link) and the Scientific Method lab (Lab 1),so that you can better understand how to design an experiment. Itmay also be helpful for you to review Lab 4 (Enzymes). As youreview Lab 4, you will be reminded that there are several factorsthat impact enzymatic activity: pH, temperature, and amount ofreagent. Feel free to refer to observations and information fromLab 4 as you complete the questions required in the Final AppliedProject (see the questions below).

As you design your experiment for this project,please remember that you are trying to examine how an acidic fluidwill modify the outcome of an enzymatic reaction. To successfullycomplete this project, you will need to identify the question(s)being asked in your experiment and the hypothesis that you aretesting. In your experimental design, youmust clearly explain what you are doing. That means that you willneed to identify the enzyme and the acid, as well as explain yourexperimental protocol (this information will help you to answerquestion 2). You must also thoroughlyexplain how the addition of the acidic fluid impacted the overallreaction process (this information will help you to answer question4).

Hint: Keep in mind that the acid will changethe environmental conditions of the experiment (for example, a lowpH value could change the shape of the active site on the enzymeprotein), without directly participating in thereaction.

please address the following:

1. What question are you asking? Clearly state yourhypothesis.

2. Design an experiment. Provide a detailed accountof the materials and methods used to conduct the experiment. Alsoinclude the methods for data collection and analysis.

3. Conduct the experiment and record your resultsbelow. What did you observe? Which samples showed bubbling?

4. Use your knowledge about factors that effectenzymatic activity to interpret your results. It may be necessaryfor you to refer to your lab manual and/or other resources. Whateffect did the acid have on the enzyme?

5. Was your hypothesis supported? What is yourconclusion? Explain your answer.

6. Cite all references used to complete your FinalApplied Project.