farmaanrehman1511

True or False: As long as the firm is certain that the return on assets will be higher than the interest rate, an issue of debt makes the shareholders better off. 

What are proteins that initiate transcription in eukaryotes by recognizing sequences within the promoter region of a gene and attracting RNA polymerase?

a)transcription factors

b)TATA boxes

c)poly A tails

d)inducers

e)repressors

Indicate whether eac is true for gene expression in prokaryotes,eukaryotes or both:

1. After transcription, a 3' poly- A tail and a 5' cap areaddeddto the RNA.

2. Translation of mRNA can begin before transcription iscomplete.

3. RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region to begintranscription

4. RNA polymerase can only add a robonucleotide to the 3' end ofthe growing RNA

5. The mRNA transcript is the exact complement of the gene fromwhich it was copied.

Promoters upstream of the gene are recognized by ____ in prokaryotes or ___ in eukaryotes. RNA polymerase transcribes RNA in a ____ direction. Termination is the result of the transcription of the RNA sequence signal, ____. Post-(or co-)transcriptional modifications include a 5' ____ and 3' ____ as well as splicing out ____. Spliceosomes consist of "snRNPs." SnRNP U1 binds the ___, snRNP U2 binds the ____, and snRNP U5 binds to the ____. In the first splicing step, a 2'-->5' phosphodiester bond is formed between the ____ and the ____. In the second step, a 3'-->5' phosphodiester bond is formed between the ___ and the ___.

The phosphodiester bonds that lie exactly in the middle of double-stranded DNA are broken to create two 4-bp long molecules. (The choices below show one strand of the double-stranded DNA). From the choices below, which sequence can base-pair to form double-stranded DNA from the resulting 4-bp fragments.
A.5'-TTAACCGG-3' (on this strand the phosphodiester bond broken is between the A and the C)
B.5'-AGCTTCGA-3' (on this strand the phosphodiester bond broken is between the T and the adjecent T).
C.5'-TTCCAAGG-3' (on this strand the phosphodiester bond broken is between the C and the A)
D.5'-AGCTAGCT-3' (on this strand the phosphodiester bond broken is between the T and the A)

Building Vocabulary: Word Roots - Ecology
Part A - Can you match these prefixes, suffixes, and word roots with their definitions?
macro
aqu
micro
eu-
eco-
-logy
-phyte
trans-
bio-
a-

Which of the following is true for DNA? There are multiple answers.

A) Phosphate groups project towards the middle of the double helix.

B) Deoxyribose units are connected 3', 5'-phosphoanhydride bonds

C) The 5' ends of both strands are at the same end of the double helix.

D) GC pairs share three hydrogen bonds

E) Ionic interctions are responsible for base pairing

One of the parents of a cross has a mutation in its mitochondria. In that cross, that parent is taken as a male. During segregation of F2 progenies that mutation is found in

(a) one-third of the progenies

(b) none of the progenies

(c) all the progenies

(d) fifty percent of the progenies.

Each of the following can be used for the detection and/or identification of viruses except _______________.

Which of the following types of macromolecules are found in all viruses? Select all that apply.

A couple, both of whom have blood type B, are recruited for a study on the genetics blood types. Their first child is blood type 0 (null), causing the scientists conducting the study to accuse the mother of infidelity and throw them out of the study. Which of the following statements is true? A) The scientists in this study have correctly accused the mother.

B) A grandparent likely was heterozygous for blood type 0 (null).

C) The mutated gene was x-linked and the first child was male.

D) The first child is heterozygous for blood type 0 (null)

E) None of the above are correct.

The enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase randomly assembles nucleotides into a polynucleotide polymer.

75) You add polynucleotide phosphorylase to a solution of ATP, GTP, and UTP. How many artificial mRNA 3 nucleotide codons would be possible?
A) 3
B) 6
C) 9
D) 27
E) 81

Can someone please explain as well?

Consider three gene pairs: Aa, Bb, Cc, each of which affects adifferent feature.
These three gene pairs assort independently of one another.Assuming typical Mendelian inheritance, determine the expectedfrequency of the phenotype displayed from the genotype aBc based ona cross of triply heterozygous parents [e.g., (AaBbCc) x
(AaBbCc)].

Please answer the following multiple part question:

a) The RE HhaI cuts the recognition site 5’GCGC3’. The probability of having a cutting site for this enzyme is about one in every __________bp of genomic DNA.

A. 100

B. 250

C. 1000

D. 10,000

b) The RE HinD III recognizes/cuts the site 5’AAGCTT3’. If you cut a 100,000 bp DNA fragment with the enzyme, you expect about _________ DNA fragments.

A. 15

B. 25

C. 35

D. 45

c) Methylation-sensitive REs _________.

A. do not cut DNA if the recognition site is methylated

B. cuts DNA only if the recognition site is methylated

C. shows more star activity than typical REs

D. lacks any isochizomers

d) DNA ligation is __________ (only the most appropriate answer will be scored)

A. cross-linking two molecules of DNA

B. cutting DNA (severing a phosphodiester bond)

C. linking two DNA molecules by any given bonds D. attaching two DNA molecules by restoring the phosphodiester bonds

e) RFLP is often used in human identification through DNA finger printing. RFLP is largely based on ___________.

A. mutation in the RE cutting sites

B. sequence-specificity of the type II REs

C. mutation of the genomic DNA in general

D. mutations in the RE recognition/cutting site and sequence-specificity of REs

f) RFLP pattern of the GAPDH gene of two siblings appeared different but both are healthy and well. It is most likely because ______.

A. The restriction enzyme used cuts DNA of different individual at different cut sites

B. One of the siblings has a mutation in the gene

C. The GAPDH gene is polymorphic

Which of the following statements concerning dideoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (ddNTPs) used in Sanger sequencing is true?

ddNTPs will cause a break in the phosphate backbone and will terminate DNA synthesis.

ddNTPS lack a 2'OH on the ribose sugar and will terminate DNA synthesis

ddNTPS lack a 3' OH on the ribose sugar and will terminate DNA snythesis

ddNTPs lack a nitrogenous base and will terminate DNA synthesis

It has been found that many transcriptional regulators and repressors are associated with histone acetyltransferases (add acetyl groups to histones) and deacetylases (remove acetyl groups from histones), respectively. In fact, some transcriptional coactivators are histone acetyltransferases themselves, such as TAFII250, a component of TFIID. What effect would inactivating TAFII250 have on transcription if it were the only component of the RNA Polymerase II complex responsible for nucleosome remodeling?

QUESTION 1

A somatic reflex is an involuntary response involving skeletal muscle that you may be aware of, and a visceral reflex is an involuntary response involving the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic/parasympathetic) that you are not generally not aware of.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 2

List the components of a reflex arc in the proper order?

receptor, efferent fiber, integration center, afferent fiber and effector
receptor, efferent fiber, afferent fiber, integration center, effector
effector, efferent fiber, integration center, afferent fiber, receptor
receptor, afferent fiber, integration center, efferent fiber, effector

1 points

QUESTION 3

What receptors located in the retina of the eye respond to light rays?

mechanoreceptors
chemoreceptors
osmoreceptors
none of the above

1 points

QUESTION 4

In the reflex arc, what is the function of the afferent fiber?

to carry the signal from the integration center out to the effector, so the effector can respond appropriately
to carry the signal from the receptor to the integration center for processing
it detects change
none of the above

1 points

QUESTION 5

If the musculocutaneous nerve innervating the biceps brachii is a mixed nerve, what does that mean?

it carries both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
it carries signals to both the brain and spinal cord
it carries both afferent and efferent signals
none of the above

Which of the following statements concerning heat shock proteins (HSPs) is false:

Are absent in endothermic organisms.

HSP production is larger for species of marine mollusks living in environments that tend to have more dramatic changes in temperature compared to those that don’t.

HSP production increases in both species of marine mollusks examined when they are exposed to high temperatures

HSPs are found in almost all organisms, both plant and animal

None of the above are true.

Explain Chargaff's rule and why it was helpful in the discovery of the structure of DNA.

Who was Rosalind Franklin and what did she contribute to the search for the DNA structure?

List the physical characteristics of DNA structure.

Explain DNA structures 

If the membrane potential is at +45mV, what will you notice about the flux of Na+?

A) It will be from inside to outside and slower than at resting membrane potential

B) It will be from inside to outside and faster than at resting membrane potential

C) It will be from outside to inside and slower than at resting membrane potential

D) It will be from outside to inside and faster than at resting membrane potential