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Biology
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18 Dec 2019

Assume a hypothetical enzyme hklase is able to break down ahypothetical sugar hklose. Assume that the synthesis of hklase iscontrolled by an operon.

Briefly explain whether youpredict the operon to be an inducible or a repressibleoperon.How would the presenceof hklose effect the transcription of the genes that are involvedin hklose degradation? (For clarity - you need to address the roleof hklose, the repressor, and the operator)

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Related questions

QUESTION 10

If you can drink milk as an adult, it means that you have inherited a mutation in the promoter of your lactase gene (the gene that encodes the enzyme you need to break down lactose). Predict the effect of this mutation:

The mutation changes the number of domains in the enzyme, which makes it work more efficiently

The mutation changes the amino acid sequence of the lactase protein

The mutation increases the number of copies of the lactase gene that will be found in your genome

The mutation changes whether the lactase sequence is found in an intron or exon

The mutation affects the expression of the lactase gene

1.2 points

QUESTION 11

A competitive inhibitor is decreasing the activity of an enzyme. Predict the effect of adding more substrate to the reaction.

The substrate will increase the reaction rate by binding to the allosteric site

The substrate will increase the reaction rate by competing with the inhibitor for the active site

The reaction rate will not change unless the inhibitor can be removed

The enzyme adjusts its shape so that the substrate, but NOT the competitive inhibitor, can bind

The substrate will bind to the competitive inhibitor and block its ability to bind to the enzyme

1.2 points

QUESTION 12

What determines where in the genome a transcription regulator will bind?

Transcription regulators bind to the 5' UTR region of a gene

Regulators bind via complementary base-pairing to certain DNA molecules

Covalent bonds form between the transcription regulator and the atoms of the DNA backbone

Every eukaryotic gene has a different transcription regulator that will bind to the 5' end of the gene

Transcription regulators bind to specific DNA sequences via multiple weak non-covalent interactions

1.2 points

QUESTION 13

What is the basic premise of cell theory?

DNA -> RNA -> protein

All cells arise from pre-existing cells

DNA provides the complete instructions to create a cell

The identity of a cell is determined through gene expression patterns

All cells contain the same four basic macromolecules

1.2 points

QUESTION 14

What is the benefit of using BOTH the lac activator and the lac repressor to control gene expression?

Using both an activator and repressor enables cells to more accurately determine the amount of lactose available in the environment

Enzymes to digest lactose are only made when energy is low and lactose is available

The activator can override the inhibition of the lac operon by the repressor

The repressor can control the enhancer, while the activator can control the promoter

When neither the lac activator or repressor is present, expression of the lac operon is too high

1.2 points

QUESTION 15

What is the histone code used for?

Phosphorylation and acetylation of DNA affect its ability to be compacted

Changes to the sequence of DNA change whether DNA will wrap around histone proteins

Covalent modifications of histones affect the ability of the transcription initiation complex to form

Histones provide the codon sequences needed for translation to occur

The histone code affects which amino acids will get added to a polypeptide

QUESTION 3

What is the purpose of chromatin-remodeling enzymes in human cells?

The enzymes control the rate of translation of an mRNA transcript

The enzymes add phosphate or methyl groups to histone tails

The enzymes slide nucleosomes farther apart or closer to each other

The enzymes send damaged proteins to the proteasome for degradation

The enzymes cause DNA looping to occur

QUESTION 10

If you can drink milk as an adult, it means that you have inherited a mutation in the an enhancer for your lactase gene (the gene that encodes the enzyme you need to break down lactose). Predict the effect of this mutation:

The mutation changes the number of domains in the enzyme, which makes it work more efficiently

The mutation changes the amino acid sequence of the lactase protein

The mutation increases the number of copies of the lactase gene that will be found in your genome

The mutation changes whether the lactase sequence is found in an intron or exon

The mutation affects the expression of the lactase gene

QUESTION 12

What determines where in the genome a transcription regulator will bind?

Transcription regulators bind to the 5' UTR region of a gene

Regulators bind via complementary base-pairing to certain DNA molecules

Covalent bonds form between the transcription regulator and the atoms of the DNA backbone

Every eukaryotic gene has a different transcription regulator that will bind to the 5' end of the gene

Transcription regulators bind to specific DNA sequences via multiple weak non-covalent interactions

QUESTION 15

What is the histone code used for?

Phosphorylation and acetylation of DNA affect its ability to be compacted

Changes to the sequence of DNA change whether DNA will wrap around histone proteins

Covalent modifications of histones affect the ability of the transcription initiation complex to form

Histones provide the codon sequences needed for translation to occur

The histone code affects which amino acids will get added to a polypeptide

Help with Biology. Ive got some of the answers just need somehelp with others and see if what i have is good too.

Effect of enzyme concentration.

Ballon Diameter: (circumference):

TUBE 1: 15.5 cm

TUBE 2: 13.8 cm

TUBE 3: 8.8 cm

What is the enzyme in the experiment? What is the substrate?

Do you expect more enzyme activity if the substrateconcentration is increased or decreased? Explain. The moresubstrate you increase or decrease will cause the enzyme activityto increase or decrease up to a certain point. If you add to itthen it has more molecules to act upon. If you add enough substrateand all the enzymes are being used then it would reach a pointwhere there would be no further activity.

Effect of temperature.

Tube:

Refridgerator:

Temperature (0C): 16 degrees celcius

Ballon Diameter (cm): 17.1 cm

Room Temperature:

Temperature (0C): 28 degrees celcius

Ballon Diameter (cm): 17.1 cm

Boiling Water:

Temperature (0C): 83 degrees celcius

Ballon Diamter (cm): 6.9 cm

What is the enzyme in the experiment? What is the substrate?

How does temperature affect enzyme function? An increase intemperature results in more kinetic energy of the enzyme andsubstrate. It is more likely to collide with the enzyme for areaction to take place. To much heat however can cause the bondswhich holds the enzyme in the very specific shape to break and itwill no longer function (denatured).

What is the function of amylase? What does amylase do to starch?Amylase is a digestive enzyme that acts on starch in food, itbrakes down the starch into smaller carbohydrate molecules. Amylaseis made in two places the salivary glands in your mouth whichstarts the digestive process by breaking down the starch in foodsas you chew and convert that into maltose a smaller carbohydrate.The other place is in the pancrease which completes the digestivecarbohydrate, producing glueclose, a small molecule absorbed intothe blood and carried throughout the body.

Why did you wait 5 minutes before spraying with IKIsolution?

Saliva does not contain amylase until babies are about twomonths old. How could this affect digestion? (Hint: babies do noeat cereal until about 2 months old.) Amylase is needed fordigestion of starches and complex carbohydrates, this makes thefood for babies to not be digested and possibly pass right throughthe babies system and into a diaper. It can also lead to gas andconstipation for the baby. In the case of a high protein food itcould even cause problems with a babies underdeveloped kidneys.Babies are not usually able to eat solid foods until they are 4 to6 months old.

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