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11 Dec 2019

Humoral and Cellular Immunity

What distinguishes humoral and cellular, or acquired, immunity from innate immunity?

What are the effector cells for humoral and cellular immunity?

What is their effect on immune response?

What are the primary and secondary lymphoid organs of humoral and cellular immunity? What is their significance in immunity?

What are the basic mechanisms of humoral and cellular immunity?

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Elin HesselLv2
13 Dec 2019
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Related questions

1. What are virulence factors? List and describe the different types of virulence factors that can exist?

2. What are the ways in which an organism can evade phagocytosis?

3. Describe what is involved in the innate immune system?

4. Describe what is involved in the adaptive immune system?

5. Describe the importance of normal flora in the body.

6. Why are vaccines advantageous to our immunity?

7. Describe how the immune cells can distinguish from self and non-self.

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a tool that has been very useful in identifying what parts of the brain do what. Scientists can have a person perform some particular activity and then look for active areas in the brain. How does fMRI work?

A.

It takes a picture of the inside of the brain according to electricity levels. The more electrical current in the area, the more active it is.
B.

It takes a picture of the inside of the brain according to blood flow. More blood flow indicates more activity in that area.
C.

It takes images of thin layers of the brain and the more electrical activity in a layer, the more magnetic it is and this shows up in fMRI.
D.

Electrodes attached to the skull can trigger activity in particular brain areas which then trigger a person to perform certain behaviors.
E.

It takes a picture of the brain according to oxygen levels. More oxygen in an area indicates more activity in that area.

The strategy of vaccination to fight diseases uses what type of immunity?

A.

Non-specific immunity
B.

Cell-mediated immunity
C.

Natural immunity
D.

Specific immunity
E.

Passive immunity

If you came into contact with Vibrio, what defense do you have to keep it from even getting to your intestines?

A.

Your skin is an effective barrier against bacteria you come in contact with.
B.

Antimicrobial enzymes in saliva
C.

Acid in the stomach
D.

Mucous membranes in the digestive and respiratory tract
E.

All of the above

What do B cells do when they identify a pathogen?

A.

Engulf and eat it
B.

Kill it
C.

Produce antigens to bind to the pathogen and memory cells to guard against future infection.
D.

Produce antibodies to bind to the pathogen and memory cells to guard against future infection.
E.

Engage helper T cells to fight the infection

There are chemical signals that call on non-infected cells to help fight a virus. Which are they?

A.

Complement proteins
B.

Macrophages
C.

B cells
D.

Interferons
E.

Natural killer cells

When someone gets a bone marrow transplant, they have to be quarantined and carefully protected from pathogens for a period of time afterward. Why?

A.

Bone marrow produces the main cells involved in the specific immune response, so these patients are at special risk of infection until they build up enough marrow to produce sufficient cells.
B.

Bone marrow produces blood cells, so they have insufficient circulation for a period of time so their immune system lacks the energy to fight off any infection.
C.

Anytime a foreign substance, even someone else's bone marrow, is introduced to a body, there is an extra risk of infection.
D.

A common complication of bone marrow transplants is infection, and doctor's don't want the infection to spread to others.
E.

It's a traumatic procedure, and any extra stress on their body could kill them.

1.T cytoxic cells bear a receptor that is used to identify it distinctly from other immune cells. The receptor is know as cluster of differentiation CD-----------.

2. place the immunity concepts in order referencing basic immunity organization levels lines of Defense 1,2,3

A. HCL or Tears
B. Engulfing pathogens or Fever
C. Infected cell killing or immunoglobulin prosuction

3.Opsonizationot is best represented by this matching pair.

A. natural killer human cell with virus
B. Ts down regulate immune responses
C. B, cell Fc antibody class
D. neutrophils serrations marrescens
E. CD4+CXCR4 co-receptor binding and entry

4. what is the HIV protein that is involved in attachment of the virus to human immune cells?

5. identify the HIV antiviral drug that would stop the virus from exiting the helper Tcell.

isentres

retro vir

crixivan

mouse enzyme

selzentry

6. The maim type of immune cell infected by HIV are the -----------cells in the course of an infection.

7.All of the following are physical barriers to pathogens except

unbroken skin

mucous

hairs

tears

t cellso

8. B cells are activated by?

9. plasma cell best description?

function in cell mediated immunity

are derived from T lymphocytes

produce and secrete antibodies

responsible for making complement protein

10. when does the lectin pathway for the complement systems achieved it's goal

1. it begins with antibodies similar to the classical pathway

2. the goal happen during a lost of function

3. once C3 breaks a part the 3 goalso of the complement system begin

4. when complement protein B,D and P , are attracted to the pathogen






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