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28 Nov 2019

Identify what structures in a skeletal muscle will shorten inlength during contraction of the muscle. Choose all that apply.

1.) The whole muscle organ

2.) Muscle fascicle

3.) Muscle fiber

4.) Myofibril

5.) Sarcomere

6.) Thin Filament

7.) Thick Filament

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Lelia Lubowitz
Lelia LubowitzLv2
15 Jul 2019
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Related questions

1)Describe the directions in which the two motor proteins, kinesin and dynein, travel along a microtubule. Which of the two proteins moves materials towards the Golgi and which moves materials away from the Golgi? Lastly, what is the speed of kinesin dependent on?

2)What are microfilaments crucial for? How do they self-assemble? Which end do they prefer to elongate from?

3)Describe what types of filaments are in each of the bands of the sarcomere. As a muscle fiber is shortened, describe what happens to each of the bands in the sarcomere as the Z lines move inwards.

4)Describe the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction.

5)List the various types of actin-binding proteins

6) A. What are 3 functions of the cytoskeleton?

B.What are the three filaments that compose the cytoskeleton, and what are they composed?

7)How do they see the internal structures of cells in the microscope? What do proteins get labeled with?

8)Myosin II action (Figure 9.61) differs from that of kinesin (Figure 9.15) in that one of the kinesin heads is always in contact with a microtubule, whereas both myosin heads become completely detached from the actin filament. How are these differences correlated with the two types of motor activities in which these proteins engage?

9)If a myofibril were pulled so that the sarcomeres increased in length by approximately 50 percent, what effect would you expect this to have on the contractile ability of the myofibril? Why? What effects would this have on the H, A, and I bands?

10)Because cytoplasmic vesicles are seen to move in both directions within an axon, can you conclude that some microtubules are oriented with their plus end facing the axon terminus and others oriented with the opposite polarity? Why or why not?

Please answer “True” or “False” for questions 1-5.

1) The defective gene in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) was identified using amino acid sequence obtained from the protein dystrophin purified from skeletal muscle.

2) In dystrophin-deficient mice, the loss of muscle contractile force after eccentric contraction correlates with increased plasma membrane damage.

3) The loss of dystrophin is the only cause of muscular dystrophy in humans.

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1.Before heading to the Tour de France a cyclist had a muscle biopsy in his leg. The tests revealed that the dominant muscle fibers were low in myosin ATPase activity and anaerobic enzymes, high in capillary density and myoglobin content. What muscle fiber is dominant in this athlete? Why?

2.What is the primary source of ATP generation in this muscle for the athlete as he steadily climbs the mountains of France?

3. For this athlete to maintain force production, what direct change in ion concentration must occur (identify specific ion, cellular location, and if the concentration level will increase or decrease)?

4. What determines force output in a muscle contraction; provide a brief explanation/reason to your answer?

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