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16 Jun 2019

Which of the following is false regarding MHC molecules?

A.

Professional antigen-presenting cells are the only cells in the body that express class II MHC molecules

B.

The vertebrate MHC locus encodes multiple class I and class II MHC genes as well as components of the complement cascade and the antigen-processing machinery

C.

Class I MHC molecules are present on most, if not all, nucleated cell membranes

D.

T cells specifically and exclusively recognize antigen in complex with class II MHC

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Lelia LubowitzLv2

17 Jun 2019

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Immunology worksheet help?

In people infected with human cytomegalovirus, class I MHC andb2-microglobulin are produced, but very little mature class I MHCis found at the cell surface. Inhibition of which of the followingmolecules by human cytomegalovirus may account for thisphenomenon?

A.	TAP
B.	Ii
C.	TCR
D.	CLIP
E.	RAG

Your chances of having the same MHC haplotype as your siblingare:

A.	1:2.
B.	1:4.
C.	1:16.
D.	1:8.
E.	1:1.

Which of the following is the BEST example of self-MHCrestriction of T cells?

A.	A T-cell clone is deleted when it binds too tightly to selfMHC.
B.	A T-cell clone responds more vigorously to a self-peptide thana foreign peptide.
C.	A T-cell clone recognizes foreign MHC.
D.	A T-cell clone only recognizes foreign peptides when presentedby self MHC.
E.	All of the above

MHC molecules:

A.	are conserved between individuals.
B.	bind repeating patterns found on pathogens.
C.	are recognized by T cells.
D.	are membrane-bound molecules found exclusively on T cells.
E.	are secreted by T cells and bind and neutralize antigen in theserum.

Tasmanian devils are a largely inbred population with littlediversity in the MHC. Which of the following would be a likelyoutcome of this?

A.	They would compensate for low diversity in the MHC with highdiversity in the TCR.
B.	They would compensate for low diversity in the MHC with highdiversity in the BCR.
C.	They would rely only on innate immune responses.
D.	They would be at higher risk of infection.
E.	All of the above

How many different MHC classical class I proteins does eachnucleated cell in a human heterozygous at the MHC locusexpress?

A.	Six
B.	Two
C.	Three
D.	One
E.	None. Only APC express class I.

MHC polymorphisms tend to cluster:

A.	in the peptide-binding groove.
B.	in the transmembrane domain.
C.	in the coreceptor contact residues.
D.	in the framework region.
E.	All of the above

A mutation that renders the MHC class II molecule DMnonfunctional would likely lead to:

A.	cells with no class II MHC.
B.	a deficiency in CD8⁺ T cells.
C.	cells with class II MHC only bound with CLIP.
D.	cells with class II MHC bound with a variety ofself-antigens.
E.	cells with no DO.

The human MHC locus is one of the most polymorphic regions ofthe genome. What does this mean?

A.	This region is regulated by many different mechanisms.
B.	Sequence variability is low in this region.
C.	There are many introns in this region.
D.	There are many different alleles of these genes.
E.	It has the most different genes.

10.

Which of the following is an example ofcross-presentation?

A.	An exogenous peptide being presented on MHC class II
B.	A B-cell antigen being presented to a T cell
C.	An endogenous peptide being presented on MHC class I
D.	An endogenous peptide being presented on MHC class II
E.	An exogenous peptide being presented on MHC class I

magentacamel430

Q.1 (a) Production of which of the following types of proteinsduring an innate immune response would directly lead to the lysisof a microbe?

- Membrane Attack Complex

- Perforin

- Immunoglobulin

- Interferon

Q 1. (b) Swelling due to bulk flow from the plasma into theinterstital fluid is the result of decreased protein permeabilityin the capillaries. (True or False?)

Q.1 (c) Both inflammation and fever result in an increase in thetemperature set point of the body. (True or False?)

Q.1 (d) Indicate which of the following statements describeClass I MHC molecules, describe Class II MHC molecules or decribeboth Class I MHC & Class II MHC molecules?

-This molecule is expressed on all nucleated cells.

- This molecule interacts with proteins expressed on the surfaceof Cytotoxic T cells.

- This molecule is expressed on the surface of Antigenpresenting cells.

- This molecule is important for activating helper T cells.

- This molecule is expressed on the surface of B cells

- This molecule binds to antigens that come from primarilyintracellular pathogens.

Q.1 (e) What type of B cell does not secrete many antibodiesduring a primary immune response, but is very important for asecondary immune response?

Q.1 (f)If an individual failed to develop any maturelymphocytes, they would have lessened innate responses to infectionand lessened adaptive responses to infection. (True or False?)

Q.1 (g) Which of the following statements about the late stagesof HIV infection/AIDS are true? Choose all of the correctanswers.

		A person in the late stages of AIDS is more susceptible toinfection with bacteria, fungi and viruses than a person in theasymptomatic stage of HIV infection.
		The number of CD4-expressing T cells in the blood is high duringthe late stages of HIV infection
		The number of Killer T cells in the blood can be high during thelate stages of HIV infection.
		Innate immune responses may be weakened during the late stagesof HIV infection because of the weakened adaptive responses duringthese stages.

sapphirehare275

Question 4 (9 points):

To study T cell development, and self-restriction of T cells, you decide to perform some experiments. You obtain four mouse strains: B, B-MCC, K, and K-MCC. B strain mice express MHC molecules of the b haplotype (e.g. H-2K^b, H-2D^b, I-A^b) while K mice express MHC of the k haplotypes (e.g. H-2K^k, H-2D^k, I-A^k). The strains are otherwise genetically identical. B-MCC and K-MCC are identical to the B and K strains (respectively) excepts that contain a transgene encoding the antigen Moth Cytochrome which is not present in normal mice. MCC is produced as both a secreted and cytoplasmic protein and it is expressed by dendritic cells and thymic epithelial cells. You lethally irradiate groups of mice from all four strains and perform all possible bone marrow transfers among the mice. In other words, the BM of each strain is transplanted into mice of each strain, producing 16 different combinations of donor BM and recipient strain. You now take T cells from the lymph nodes of each of the 16 types of transplanted mice and test their ability to proliferate in response to MCC-presenting B cells that express only class II MHC molecule, I-A^k. Fill out the chart below by indicated which mice will have T cells that respond. Use (+) to indicated proliferation and NR to indicate a lack of proliferation. In addition, for the mice labelled a-e give a brief explanation for your answer. Include the mechanism of T cell selection experienced in thymus (positive selection, negative selection, or neglect) and the cells involved in selection (thymic epithelial cels, BM-derived APCs, or both).

Table (4 points, 0.25 points per box)

Recipient Strain Â®

BM Donor	B	B-MCC	K	K-MCC
B			c.
B-MCC			d.
K	a.	b.	e.
K-MCC

1 point for each explanation

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	A.	Professional antigen-presenting cells are the only cells in the body that express class II MHC molecules
	B.	The vertebrate MHC locus encodes multiple class I and class II MHC genes as well as components of the complement cascade and the antigen-processing machinery
	C.	Class I MHC molecules are present on most, if not all, nucleated cell membranes
	D.	T cells specifically and exclusively recognize antigen in complex with class II MHC