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22 Feb 2018

A scientist observes the motion of a certain type of vesicle around the cell. She notices that vesicle movement ceases when colchicine is added to the culture medium. What conclusion can she draw? (5 marks)

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A scientist isolates a microbe from a contaminated water source. She thinks that the organism might be a new bacteria that is capable of surviving in the presence of lead, a heavy metal. She makes tubes of growth medium containing either no lead, 0.1 mg lead, 0.25 mg lead, 0.5 mg of lead or 1 mg of lead. She inoculates each tube with the 10 x 10e3 cells of the new organism and then incubates the inoculated medium at 37-degree Celsius. After 48 hours, she examines the tubes of medium and finds that there is no growth in any of them. However, she finds that the bacteria grew fine in a medium that did not contain any lead. She decides to repeat the experiment using lower concentrations of lead than those she used initially. what conclusion can the scientist in this scenario make from her result

1) all contaminated water contains high levels of lead and other heavy metals

2) the amount of lead used in the experiment killed the bacteria being tested

3) all experiment should be repeated three times or more

4) lead-contaminated water does not contain any bacteria at all

5) the test bacteria take more than 48 hours to grow in the laboratory when incubated at 37 degree Celsius

1/What is the fate of a protein with no N-terminus Signal Sequence?

(a)Transport through the constitutive secretory pathway

(b)Dispersal throughout the cytoplasm

(c)Transport into the nucleus

(d)Transport to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

2/ In nerve cells, Botulinum toxin-A degrades a subunit of a T-snare localized on the plasma membrane, how would this affect vesicular trafficking?

(a) It blocks the co-translational import of neurotransmitter proteins into the Endoplasmic reticulum via the translocon.

(b) It prevents the addition of carbohydrates to translated proteins

(c)It blocks the fusion of neurotransmitter-containing vesicles with the plasma membrane because theT-snare would not be able tophysically interact with the V-snare.

(d) None of the above

What is the correct order of events of Clathrin-mediated endocytosis?

1. Uncoating of Clathrin- coated vesicle

2. Recruitment of Clathrin and selection of cargo

3. Fusion of vesicle with early endosome

(a) 1, 2, 3

(b) 2, 1, 3

(d) 3, 1, 2

4/ Vesicles traveling anterogradely will eventually fuse with the cell membrane.

Which of the following elements does NOT participate in the fusion event?

(a) v-snare

(b) t-snare

(d) clathrin coat protein

When a cell releases a hormone into the bloodstream and a number of cells in a

distal location respond, this type of signaling is...

(a) Autocrine signaling

(b) Endocrine signaling

(d) Juxtacrine signaling

taupereindeer397

A scientist performed a phage-mediated transduction using a new and uncharacterized E. coli phage. After using a range of different recipient strains and the one donor, she noticed that one particular gene, the tub gene, was transduced from the donor to the recipient strain with much higher frequency than any of the other chromosomal markers.

She wrote in her lab book âThe phage appears to be unable to move from the lysogenic to the lytic pathwayâ.

(a) Do you think she is right? Answer yes or no. You do not need to justify your answer. (1 mark)

(b) Can you propose a mechanism for the high-level transduction of the tub marker as result of the phage infection? You may draw diagrams as part of your answer. (5 marks)