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8 Jan 2018

A keystone species affects community composition (choose any/all that apply):

through direct effects on producer species
through indirect effects on producer species
through direct effects on consumer species
through effects on competitively dominant species
through indirect effects on consumer species
disproportionally to its abundance

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Related questions

Sneaky snakes

During the 1940s, military ships from the South Pacific accidentally introduced brown tree snakes from Australia to the island of Guam. These snakes eat birds, lizards, and small mammals in their native range of Australia. Since no species on Guam eats the snakes, their population has grown rapidly. Researchers estimate that two million tree snakes now inhabit the island. So far, 10 species of birds and 5 species of lizards have disappeared from Guam; small mammals have also decreased in abundance.

Use this information and your knowledge about biology to answer questions 11-15.

11. Since the brown tree snake is a keystone species (albeit an invasive one which harms the local population) in Guam, it must also be a keystone species in Australia.

True

False

Question 12

Native predators of birds on Guam likely decreased in abundance after brown tree snakes arrived.

True

False

Question 13

If birds on Guam usually disperse seeds, brown tree snakes likely had a negative indirect effect on plants.

True

False

Question 14

Since more prey and fewer predators occur on Guam than in Australia, the density of brown tree snakes in Guam likely exceeds the density in Australia.

True

False

Question 15

If some species of the extinct lizards used to eat bird eggs, brown tree snakes had a positive direct effect and a negative indirect effect on birds.

True

False

Community Ecology

6. Competition between species is called ____________ competition. A. interspecific
B. exploitative
C. interference

D. fundamental E. intraspecific

7. A species that plays a critical role in maintaining the structure of an ecological community and helps to determine the types and numbers of various other species in the community is known as
A. a predator.

B. a keystone species. C. the primary species. D. the dominant species. E. the alpha species.

Evolution

1. We build trees because:
A. Organisms are related like members of a family are related.
B. Each lineage has a common ancestor that gave rise to that lineage. C. Characteristics are passed on from parents to offspring.
D. all of the above

2. Evolution basically denotes change in populations to: A. Improve reproductive success.
B. Remove defective individuals.
C. Increase the survival of the most fit individuals.

D. Discover better genes.

3. We can put species into groups based on shared: A. genes.
B. characteristics.
C. ecology.

D. environment.

4. Bats and birds share a common characteristic like having four limbs- homologies- with: A. Amphibians
B. Rodents.
C. Reptiles.

D. all of the above.

5. Which of these are mechanisms of evolution? A. Mutation
B. Migration
C. Gene flow

D. all of the above

6. Natural selection involves the following: A. Variation in traits
B. Differential reproduction
C. Hereditary

D. all of the above

Q1.14. Which of the following statements about beta diversity is FALSE?


Beta diversity measures how quickly species composition has changed through time.

All else being equal, specialists are likely to be more common where beta diversity is high.

Relatively flat, homogeneous habitats tend to have lower beta diversity.

Beta diversity changes depending on the scale at which you measure it.


Q1.15. Paul Ehrlich and E.O. Wilson offered a number of reasons to protect biodiversity. What were they?

Check all that apply:


Earth cannot "survive" another mass extinction event.

People have an aesthetic and moral obligation to protect Earth's species.

Earth's biodiversity may provide us with important new resources in the future.

Loss of biodiversity may reduce ecosystem services that would be difficult to replace.

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