QUESTION 6

Which of the following is not true for Gram-negative, acid-fast, and archaeal membranes?

a.
They modify their lipid content in response to environmental changes.

b.
They have co-evolved the same outer membrane composition and structure.

c.
They all have a cytoplasmic membrane.

d.
Membrane transport proteins regulate nutrient uptake and waste removal.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Compared to Mycobacteria, Gram-negative bacterium contain:

a.
More mycolic acid.

b.
Pores of increased length.

c.
Less peptidoglycan.

d.
50-fold-lower numbers of porins.

1 points

QUESTION 8

Archaea are found to survive in strongly acidic lakes compared to bacteria and Eukaryotes. Which of the following supports this claim according to the study?

a.
The presence of L-glycerol ether linked lipids in Archaea membranes.

b.
The presence of D-glycerol ether linked lipids in Archaea membranes.

c.
The presence of L-glycerol ester linked peptidoglycans in Archaea membranes.

d.
The presence of L-glycerol ester linked lipids in Archaea membranes.

1 points

QUESTION 9

Based on your understanding of the symbiotic relationship between Nanoarchaeum equitans and Ignicoccus, which of the following below is not true?

a.
The membrane lipids of N. equitans are synthesized by Ignoccocus.

b.
In exchange for membrane lipids, N. equitans provide Ignicoccus with many essential cytoplasmic enzymes.

c.
N. equitans lack enzymes capable of catalyzing lipid biosynthesis.

d.
Intraperiplasmic vesicles produced by Ignicoccus allow for lipid transfer to N. equitans.

1 points

QUESTION 10

What is the role of hydrogen bonds in bacteria, as mentioned in the article?

a.
They mediate transmembrane electron flow.

b.
They mediate lipid biosynthesis.

c.
They help to stabilize the cytoplasmic membrane.

d.
They are responsible for the selective permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane.

1 points

Question

QUESTION 6

Which of the following is not true for Gram-negative, acid-fast, and archaeal membranes?

	a.	They modify their lipid content in response to environmental changes.
	b.	They have co-evolved the same outer membrane composition and structure.
	c.	They all have a cytoplasmic membrane.
	d.	Membrane transport proteins regulate nutrient uptake and waste removal.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Compared to Mycobacteria, Gram-negative bacterium contain:

	a.	More mycolic acid.
	b.	Pores of increased length.
	c.	Less peptidoglycan.
	d.	50-fold-lower numbers of porins.

1 points

QUESTION 8

Archaea are found to survive in strongly acidic lakes compared to bacteria and Eukaryotes. Which of the following supports this claim according to the study?

	a.	The presence of L-glycerol ether linked lipids in Archaea membranes.
	b.	The presence of D-glycerol ether linked lipids in Archaea membranes.
	c.	The presence of L-glycerol ester linked peptidoglycans in Archaea membranes.
	d.	The presence of L-glycerol ester linked lipids in Archaea membranes.

1 points

QUESTION 9

Based on your understanding of the symbiotic relationship between Nanoarchaeum equitans and Ignicoccus, which of the following below is not true?

	a.	The membrane lipids of N. equitans are synthesized by Ignoccocus.
	b.	In exchange for membrane lipids, N. equitans provide Ignicoccus with many essential cytoplasmic enzymes.
	c.	N. equitans lack enzymes capable of catalyzing lipid biosynthesis.
	d.	Intraperiplasmic vesicles produced by Ignicoccus allow for lipid transfer to N. equitans.

1 points

QUESTION 10

What is the role of hydrogen bonds in bacteria, as mentioned in the article?

	a.	They mediate transmembrane electron flow.
	b.	They mediate lipid biosynthesis.
	c.	They help to stabilize the cytoplasmic membrane.
	d.	They are responsible for the selective permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane.

1 points

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	a.	It resists attachment of the bacterial chromosome to its inner surface.
	b.	It contains a protein complex that drives ATP synthesis.
	c.	It is asymmetric.
	d.	It consists of relatively equal amounts of phospholipids and proteins.

	a.	The genome has relatively low Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C) content.
	b.	The cytoplasmic membrane is surrounded by a polymer (peptidoglycan) consisting of alternating N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-Acetylmuramic (NAM) acid units.
	c.	It infects approximately one-third of the global human population.
	d.	It has a Gram-positive cell wall with an additional waxy lipid layer of mycolic acid.

	a.	Membrane-anchored enzymes.
	b.	Mycolic acid.
	c.	Lipopolysaccharide.
	d.	Porin channels.

	a.	Some archaeon do not contain all of the genes essential for life.
	b.	The membrane structures of prokaryotes show far greater diversity than those of eukaryotes.
	c.	As demonstrated in this definitive report, scientists have a great understanding of the majority of basic functions and evolution of bacterial membranes.
	d.	The outer membrane (and its associated components) of archaea, Gram-negative bacteria, and Gram-positive bacteria likely evolved independently of one another.

	a.	OmpATb.
	b.	OmpA.
	c.	MspA.
	d.	Lipid A.