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Which of the following description(s) regarding cellular respiration is/are correct?

I. ATP hydrolysis is used to drive reactions that require an input of free energy.

II. The oxidation of food molecules forms ATP from ADP + Pi.

III. A transmembrane proton-motive force drives ATP synthesis.


a) I only b) I and II only c) I and III only d) II and III only e) I, II, and III

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Sixta Kovacek
Sixta KovacekLv2
28 Sep 2019
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Related questions

1. All of the following are correct descriptions of photosynthesis except:

A) The Calvin Cycle is endergonic.

B) Electrons are supplied to the reaction center via the splitting of water, which yields O2 as a byproduct

C) Chlorophyll and accessory pigments capture energy from the sun in the form of electrons, which they use to drive the electron transport chains of photosystems I and II.

D) ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions are used to power CO2 fixation via the Calvin cycle in the light-independent reactions.

2. In glycolysis and the TCA cycle, glucose is _____ down to CO2; this process _____ lots of ATP and reducing power. In photosynthesis, CO2 is ______ back to sugar by the _______ of lots of ATP and reducing power.

A) reduced; requires; oxidized; production

B) oxidized; requires; reduced; production

C) oxidized; produces; reduced; input

D) reduced; produced; oxidized; input

3. Which description accurately compares cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

A) Photosynthesis uses energy captured from sunlight to power the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration oxidizes sugars to yield energy for the cell.

B) The ATP produced via cellular respiration is needed to power the reactions of photosynthesis

C) The pathways of photosynthesis are those of cellular respiration run in reverse.

D) Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to oxidize carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration reduces these sugars to yield energy for the cell.

1. Explain HOW ATP functions as asource of cellular energy for biochemical reactions and activetransport. Detailed answer required.

2. What is the function of NAD+ andFAD in glycolysis, CAC, and ETC for ATP synthesis? Of the C, H, andO atoms of the glucose molecule, which is/are most important forATP synthesis. Explain

3. Define substrate levelphosphorylation (SLP). Why are HETCs important for ATP synthesis?What is the amount of kinetic energy required to produce onemolecule of ATP by SLP?

4. In glycolysis, why must multipleenzymatic steps occur to convert glucose to two pyruvic acidmolecules? What are high energy transfer compounds? Explain indetail why two molecules of ATP must be consumed in stage 1 ofglycolysis. What is the purpose of the atomic rearrangements inglycolysis? In stage 1 of glycolysis, what is the significance ofthe rearrangement of glucose-6-phosphate tofructose-6-phosphate?

5. What is the importance of the citric acidcycle? Why must CoA be used in this pathway?

6. Define cellular respiration(CR). What are the significant features of cellularrespiration?

Is oxygen the only terminal electron acceptor (TEA) for CR inprokaryotic cells? Explain

7. Explain the functions of theETC. What role does H+ translocation and the TEA play in

the function of the ETC? Why is the proton motive forceessential for oxidative

phosphorylation?

8. Define the proton motive force(PMF). Explain HOW the PMF provides energy for

rotary catalysis of the ATP synthase used for oxidativephosphorylation.

1.

Why does an electron have lower potential energy in an H-O bondthan in an O=O bond?

H has a higher electronegativity than O.

O=O is not stable.

O=O contains a double bond.

The electrons are closer to the oxygen atom in the H-O bond.

None of the answers are correct.

2.

How is the energy from the electron transport chain used mostdirectly?

to form the bonds of a water molecule

to pump hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial inner membraneinto the mitochondrial intermembrane space

to join ADP with a phosphate

to decompose glucose into pyruvate

to rotate ATP synthase

3.

Which process provides the energy needed to pump protons acrossthe mitochondrial membrane during oxidative phosphorylation?

the transfer of electrons in redox reactions

the breakdown of ATP to ADP

the rotation of the ATP synthase rotor

oxidation of isocitrate

None of the answers are correct.

4.

What causes the ATP synthase rotor to spin?

the passing of electrons through ATP synthase

the movement of protons across the mitochondrial membrane

the movement of electrons across the mitochondrial membrane

the synthesis of ATP from ADP and a phosphate group

None of the answers are correct.

5.

What of the following generates the proton-motive force duringoxidative phosphorylation?

buildup of NADH molecules at protein complex I

movement of H+ ions across the mitochondrial membraneduring electron transport

rotation of the ATP synthase rotor

joining of H+ ions with oxygen to form water

None of the answers are correct.

6.

Suppose a microorganism invades a cell, causing damage to ATPsynthase. How would cellular respiration be affected?

Electrons could not be passed down the electron transportchain.

ADP could not be joined with a phosphate to form ATP.

Hydrogen ions could not be pumped into the mitochondrialintermembrane space.

The cell could not release any energy from the glucosemolecule.

Glucose could not be broken down into pyruvate.

7.

Which molecules transport electrons from the citric acid cycleto the electron transport chain?

NADH and FADH2

ATP and ADP

GTP and GDP

oxaloacetate and citric acid

None of the answers are correct.

8.

Which type of reactions control the energy release from glucoseduring the citric acid cycle?

acid-base reactions

redox reactions

random reactions

All answers are correct.

None of the answers are correct.

9.

What is the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

to receive electrons from the citric acid cycle and deliver themto the electron transport chain

to catalyze the synthesis of ATP from ADP

to accumulate in the mitochondrial intermembrane space tofacilitate ATP synthesis

to serve as a substrate to bind to acetyl-CoA at the beginningof the citric acid cycle

None of the answers are correct.

10.

Which molecule enters the citric acid cycle?

glucose

pyruvate

ATP

acetyl-CoA

None of the answers are correct.

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