1.Why might a muscle fiber needan ample amount of Na+, K+-ATPase on its surface?
a. as evident by the value of the cellâs membrane potential,muscle fibers are leaky to Na+
b. to counter the effect of numerous action potentials persecond
2. The word organ denotes adistinct set of tissues performing one or more specificfunctions. Therefore, this term can be used to refer to largevisceral organs, e.g. the liver, or muchsmaller structures such as otolith organs. In regard to the otolithorgans, what causes the cilia of their vestibular cells tobend?
a, shear force b. inertia of endolymph
3. Recall that the vestibulo-ocular reflex enables the eyes toremain fixed on target and that extrinsic eye muscles areinnervated by brainstem α-motor neurons. What role does the mediallongitudinal fasciculus play in the vestibulo-ocular reflex?
a. central integration b. links the vestibular nuclei withbrainstem motor nuclei
4. Descending projections from the vestibular nuclei enablepostural adjustments of the head and body. Any stereotypical changein head position that promotes balance ismediated by the vestibulo-cervical reflex. This name stems from thefact that most of the α-motor neurons that control the position ofthe head are located in the motor nuclei of the
a. brainstem b. cervical cord
5. Any stereotypical change in bodyposition that promotes balance is mediated by thevestibulo-spinal reflex. Does this reflex implement the γ-loop?
a. yes b. no
1.Why might a muscle fiber needan ample amount of Na+, K+-ATPase on its surface?
a. as evident by the value of the cellâs membrane potential,muscle fibers are leaky to Na+
b. to counter the effect of numerous action potentials persecond
2. The word organ denotes adistinct set of tissues performing one or more specificfunctions. Therefore, this term can be used to refer to largevisceral organs, e.g. the liver, or muchsmaller structures such as otolith organs. In regard to the otolithorgans, what causes the cilia of their vestibular cells tobend?
a, shear force b. inertia of endolymph
3. Recall that the vestibulo-ocular reflex enables the eyes toremain fixed on target and that extrinsic eye muscles areinnervated by brainstem α-motor neurons. What role does the mediallongitudinal fasciculus play in the vestibulo-ocular reflex?
a. central integration b. links the vestibular nuclei withbrainstem motor nuclei
4. Descending projections from the vestibular nuclei enablepostural adjustments of the head and body. Any stereotypical changein head position that promotes balance ismediated by the vestibulo-cervical reflex. This name stems from thefact that most of the α-motor neurons that control the position ofthe head are located in the motor nuclei of the
a. brainstem b. cervical cord
5. Any stereotypical change in bodyposition that promotes balance is mediated by thevestibulo-spinal reflex. Does this reflex implement the γ-loop?
a. yes b. no
