During hyperventillation, the increased amount of breathingelevates the levels of O2 vs CO2, causing a shift in theequilibrium of carbonic anhydrase. Which of the following is acorrect depiction of the shift of carbonic anhydrase:
a. Carbonic anhydrase begins to generate more CO2 by breakingdown carbonic acid and bicarbinate. The result is that there is nownot enough acid to buffer the base that is in the blood, causingacidosis
b. Carbonic anhydrase begins to generate more CO2 by breakingdown carbonic acid and bicarbinate. The result is that there is nownot enough acid to buffer the base that is in the blood, causingalkalosis
c. Carbonic anhydrase begins to generate more CO2 by makingcarbonic acid and bicarbinate. The result is that there is now toomuch acid to buffer the base that is in the blood, causingalkalosis
d. Carbonic anhydrase begins to generate more carbonic acid andbicarbinate by removing the excess oxygen. The result is that thereis now too much acid to buffer the base that is in the blood,causing acidosis
During hyperventillation, the increased amount of breathingelevates the levels of O2 vs CO2, causing a shift in theequilibrium of carbonic anhydrase. Which of the following is acorrect depiction of the shift of carbonic anhydrase:
a. Carbonic anhydrase begins to generate more CO2 by breakingdown carbonic acid and bicarbinate. The result is that there is nownot enough acid to buffer the base that is in the blood, causingacidosis
b. Carbonic anhydrase begins to generate more CO2 by breakingdown carbonic acid and bicarbinate. The result is that there is nownot enough acid to buffer the base that is in the blood, causingalkalosis
c. Carbonic anhydrase begins to generate more CO2 by makingcarbonic acid and bicarbinate. The result is that there is now toomuch acid to buffer the base that is in the blood, causingalkalosis
d. Carbonic anhydrase begins to generate more carbonic acid andbicarbinate by removing the excess oxygen. The result is that thereis now too much acid to buffer the base that is in the blood,causing acidosis
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3. Ms. X is a 35 year old school teacher who suffers from acid indigestion and self-medicates by drinking baking soda dissolved in water.
Which acid-base disorder would you expect to develop in this client?
A. Respiratory Acidosis
B. Respiratory Alkalosis
C. Metabolic Alkalosis
D. Metabolic Acidosis
4. Ms. X is a 35 year old school teacher who suffers from acid indigestion and self-medicates by drinking baking soda dissolved in water.
What effect does metabolic acidosis have on respiratory rate?
a. | decrease | |
b. | increase | |
c. | both increase and decrease | |
d. | none of the above |
5. When comparing systemic capillaries to pulmonary capillaries, which of the following statements is true?
a. | The hydrostatic pressure at the arteriolar end of the systemic capillary is higher that the hydrostatic pressure at the arteriolar end of the pulmonary capillaries. | |
b. | The hydrostatic pressure at the VENULAR end of the systemic capillary is LOWER than the hydrostatic pressure at the VENULAR end of the pulmonary capillaries. | |
c. | The OSMOTIC pressure at the VENULAR end of the systemic capillary is LOWER than the osmotic pressure at the VENULAR end of the pulmonary capillaries. | |
d. | None of the above |
6. The osmotic pressure within a capillary is an absorptive force. The osmotic pressure develops as a result of which of the following?
a. | carbohydrates | |
b. | lipids | |
c. | proteins | |
d. | nucleic acids |
7. Which of the following organs synthesizes albumin?
a. | kidney | |
b. | liver | |
c. | spleen | |
d. | heart |
8. Ascites is due to which of the following?
a. | liver dysfunction | |
b. | reduced plasma albumin levels | |
c. | excessive loss of fluid from to capillary into the interstitial space | |
d. | all of the above |
9. Which of the following diseases is associated with ascites?
a. | alcoholism | |
b. | MALNUTRITION | |
c. | both a and b | |
d. | none of the above |
10. Which of the following tteatments isused to resolve ascites caused by alcoholic liver dicrease
A. | paracentesis | |
B. | liver transplant | |
C. | CESSATION OF ALCOHO; COMSUMPTION | |
D. | all of the above |
QUESTION 11:
At pH 7.4, some of the H2CO3 produced from a reaction catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase immediately dissociates into A. H+, CO2 B. H+, HCO3- C. OH-, CO2 D. OH-, HCO3- |
a. | . | |
b. | . | |
c. | . | |
d. | . |
12. The pH of the patientâs blood is 7.7. The patient is alkalotic and her ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid is
A. 10 to 1
B. 20 to 1
C. 30 to 1
D. 40 to 1
E. 50 to 1
13. THE NORMAL VALUE FOR THE BICARBONATE ION IS WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?
a. | 240 mEq/l | |
b. | 24 mEq/L | |
c. | 40 mEq/L | |
d. | none of the above |