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Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA isTRUE?

A: DNA is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction, whereas RNA issynthesized in the 3' to 5' direction.

B: DNA has a major groove whereas RNA has a minor groove.

C: The energy for both DNA and RNA synthesis comes from thecleavage of two phosphoanhydride bonds in the deoxynucleotide ornucleotide building blocks.

D: DNA forms a double-stranded helical structure that containsbase pairs whereas RNA is single stranded and does not form basepairs or adopt a double helical conformation.

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Sixta Kovacek
Sixta KovacekLv2
28 Sep 2019
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Related questions

1. If you see a DNA structure simply written as CATAGCCG, what exactly does this mean in terms of a double-stranded structure and the polarity of the two chains? Explain your answer. How many turns of the helical structure would this sequence represent?


2 E. coli DNA Polymerase I is a complex enzyme. Describe its different activities and explain their roles in DNA synthesis.


3 Describe how the lac operon is controlled.

4. Which of the following is true of RNA synthesis (transcription)?
a) RNA synthesis is always in the 5' ® 3' direction.
b) RNA polymerase needs a primer to initiate transcription.
c) In transcription, U is inserted opposite T.
d) New nucleotides are added on to the 2' OH of the ribose sugar.
e) The source of energy is hydrolysis of GTP

QUESTION 1: The rabies virus primarily affects the nervous system. The specificity that the rabies virus has for neuronal host cells is primarily dictated by __________________________.

A. the helical shape of its viral capsid
B. the type of nucleic acid used for its viral genome (single-stranded, antisense RNA)
C. the spikes that protrude from its viral envelope
D. the segmented nature of its viral genome

QUESTION 2: Which of the following genome types has been observed in viruses? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.

A. Single-stranded RNA
B. Single-stranded DNA
C. Double-stranded RNA
D. Protein-based

QUESTION 3: Choose the correct statement about viral evolution.

A. RNA and DNA viral genomes evolve at equal rates.
B. Cellular genomes mutate at a faster rate than viral genomes due to their large size and increased chance of replicative mistakes.
C. DNA viruses mutate faster than RNA viruses because thymine is more susceptible to mutation than uracil.

D. RNA viruses mutate faster than DNA viruses due to a lack of proofreading replicative enzymes.

QUESTION 4: Your elderly patient is affected by shingles. After careful observation, you note that the virus responsible for the infection has an icosahedral capsid, is enveloped, and has double-stranded linear DNA as its genetic material. Based on this information, in which of the following viral families would you group this viral pathogen?

A. Hepadnaviridae
B. Parvoviridae
C. Coronaviridae
D. Herpesviridae

QUESTION 5: Which of the following is a key difference between lytic and lysogenic bacteriophage replication cycles?

A. Lysogenic bacteriophages release via host cell lysis, whereas lytic bacteriophages bud off from the host cell membrane.
B. The lytic replication cycle ends with host cell lysis and release of newly formed bacteriophage particles, whereas lysogenic replication leads to prophage formation.
C. Lytic replication requires an uncoating step, whereas in lysogenic replication, the bacteriophage's nucleic acid is directly injected into the host cell.

D. Whereas lytic replication enables the infection of several hosts, lysogenic replication only allows for infection of a single host cell.

QUESTION 6: Which of the following is an unsuitable culture method for an animal virus?

A. Direct inoculation of virus onto blood agar
B. Live animal inoculation
C. Tissue culture method
D. Injection of virus into embryonated eggs

1. Unlike DNA, RNA contains

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

Nucleic acid structure

2. In transcription, uracil will bond with:

thymine

cytosine

adenine

guanine

Transcription

3. The first team of scientist to document the structure of DNA was:

Franklin and Wilkins

Watson and Crick

Pauling and Chargoff

None of the above

DNA structure

4. Organelles that synthesize protein are:

lysosomes

ribosomes

endoplasmic reticulum

golgi bodies

5. Most of the time in a cell's life, it's DNA is in the form of:

Chromatin

Chromatids

Replicated chromosomes

Spindle fibers

6. Uracil is a nitrogen base that pairs with adenine. Using this information, one could conclude that uracil is a:

Purine

Pyrimidine

Neither a purine or pyrimidine

Not enough information

7. a nucleotide does not consist of a:

polymerase

5-carbon sugar

phosphate group

nitrogen base

8. The genetic code in DNA of an individual depends on the sequence (order) of:

nucleotides

purines only

phosphates

sugars

9. Before a cell divides, it must duplicate its DNA in a process known as:

translation

transformation

transcription

replication

10. The basic unit (building block) of a protein is a (an):

carbohydrate

amino acid

lipid

hydrogen bond

11. Unlike DNA, RNA contains:

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

12. The structure of DNA was first documented in:

1945

1953

1956

1962

13. In DNA replication, the new molecules produced are:

of unequal length

both assembled in the same direction

built with purines as the backbone

assembled in opposite directions

DNA replication

14. The "backbone" of DNA is composed of:

ribose and phosphates

deoxyribose and phosphates

ribose and uracil

deoxyribose and thymine

DNA structure

15. RNA differs from DNA in which of the following ways?

RNA is single-stranded

RNA contains ribose

RNA does not contain thymine

All of the above

DNA structure

16. Which of the following is NOT required for the transcription process itself?

RNA polymerase

DNA

uracil-containing nucleotides

ribosomes

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