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If we maintain a strict biological definition of “species”,H. sapiens and H. neanderthalensis were NOTseparate species as they successfully interbred. What impact mightthis information have on assigning a date to the origin of humans?Are there any other implications?

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Patrina Schowalter
Patrina SchowalterLv2
20 Apr 2019

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. Take a look at the skull of Homo floresiensis (nicknamed “the Hobbit”). This is a very small hominin species that lived on the island of Flores in Indonesia at the same time as modern humans were living elsewhere in Southeast Asia, including other parts of Indonesia. There is some controversy among paleoanthropologists concerning whether this hominin should actually be considered a member of Homo sapiens, rather than its own species. Some people believe that this skull, and others that have been found on the island, simply came from a modern human (Homo sapiens) with a very small head, such as we see in people with a condition known as microcephaly. Assume that this is actually the correct interpretation - that “the Hobbits” were a small, isolated population of modern humans that evolved to have very small brains and skulls following their divergence from a mainland Indonesian human population. If this is the case, which evolutionary mechanism(s) might have produced this dramatic change in skull anatomy? Explain your answer.

Layman here. So I have never really quite understood this facetof human evolution, (or any other for that matter), in that, Iunderstand the evolutionary process, but I get lost on the 'border'cases.

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1) What is the point of sequencing Neanderthal DNA?

To look at haplotypes, and how they compare to those in Modern Humans.
The point is only to learn more about all extinct species.
To find identifying genetic markers in populations.

To lay the Neanderthal and Human sequences side by side, base pair by base pair, and identify exactly where they diverge.

2)What is one of the main complications of sequencing the Neanderthal Genome?

There are no ccomplications with sequencing the Neanderthal genome.
Neanderthals lived to long ago to even think about havung any preserved genetic material.
Over time, DNA mutates. If too much time has passed, the DNA will not be the same as the original individual's.

Over time, DNA degrades and breaks down leaving only fragmented pieces of DNA.

3)In the last several thousand years, the majority of human evolution has NOT been

Physical
Cultural
The majority of evolution has not been happening in the last several thousand years.

Biological

4) Which of the following best describes the relationship between humans and other animals?

According to the evidence, humans share a common ancestor with primates and carnivores, but not with birds and reptiles.
Humans have existed longer than other animals. This explains our superiority and relative complexity.
We do not have enough evidence to create testable hypotheses about the relationship between humans and other animals.
Humans are primates, and share common ancestors with all other animals, including dinosaurs.

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