BIOLOGY 1113 Lecture Notes - Lecture 37: Gene Expression, Escherichia Coli, Disaccharide

• School: Ohio State University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOLOGY 1113
• Professor: Eric Danhart

Document Summary

All credit goes to freeman biology 6th edition 2017. Chapter 18: control of gene expression in bacteria. Gene expression- entire set of processes, including transcription/translation, converting information in dna into product of gene(protein). Cells cannot express all of genes at same time. 18. 1: an overview of gene regulation and information flow. Transcriptional control(slowest, saves energy)- regulation of gene expression, changing rate of transcribing of genes to produce mrna. Negative transcriptional control- binding of regulatory protein to. Positive transcriptional control- binding of regulatory protein to dna. Translational control(rapid changes)- gene expression regulation altering life span of mrna or efficiency of translation. Post-translational control(fastest, uses most resources)- gene expression regulation by modifying proteins after translation. Constitutive- always occurring/present(proteins are always synthesized)(enzymes for glycolysis). Gene expression isn"t on/off but occurring at different levels. E. coli uses lactose(disaccharide) when there is no glucose. Lactose is an inducer for b-galactosidase(breaks down lactose), because high levels of b-galactosidase are only present when lactose is there.