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12 Dec 2019

Which is NOT a piece of evidence in support of the endosymbiotic hypothesis? (A) There are many similarities between bacteria, nuclei and ribosomes. (B) Protein synthesis in mitochondria and bacteria is inhibited by antibiotics. (C) The enzymes for DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in bacteria and chloroplasts are similar. (D) Chloroplasts and mitochondria have circular DNA (E) None of the above answers are wrong; all are evidence for the hypothesis.

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Related questions

The endosymbiont theory suggests that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from ancient bacteria that were ingested by primitive nucleated cells. Biologists have proposed that endosymbiosis led to the evolution of other cellular structures, such as flagella and peroxisomes, as well. Over hundreds of millions of years, the ingested bacteria lost features not essential for survival inside the host cell.

Part B

Explain your reasoning.

Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences.

phagocytosis

pinocytosis

phagocytic

pinocytic

invaginations

protrusions

An identical arrangement of membranes follows _: the ingested bacterium is surrounded by the membrane of the _ vacuole. The thylakoid membrane systems found in chloroplasts may also be derived from ingested bacteria, because thylakoids form from _ of the inner membrane that pinch off to generate a separate membrane system.

Part E

Peroxisomes, unlike mitochondria or chloroplasts, scarcely resemble free-living organisms. Assuming peroxisomes evolved from ingested bacteria, describe three features mitochondria retain but peroxisomes apparently lost over hundreds of millions of years.

Select all that apply.

degrading H2O2
RNA synthesis
RNA replication
DNA replication
transposon transport
protein synthesis
generating H2O2

21) Which of the following is not primarily used for attachment?

A. glycocalyx

B. flagella

C. pili

D. fimbria

E. S layer

30) You have isolated DNA from an E. coli bacteria. The DNA would originate from what structures? (CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY)

A. inner plasma membrane

B. mitochondria

C. microcompartments

D. nucleus

E. plasmids

31) Many cellular reactions require multiple enzymes. For efficiency, bacteria will package these enzymes together within:

A. fimbria

B. inclusion bodies

C. lysosomes

D. microcompartments

E. vesicles

32) Why can archaea be considered a separate domain from bacteria?

(CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY)

A. Archaea ribosomal structure and protein synthesis are similar to eukaryotes.

B. They exhibit a novel method of DNA compaction.

C. Like eukaryotes, they contain simple, membrane-bound organelles.

D. Their cell walls are composed of different substances than bacterial or eukaryotic cell walls.

E. They contain a circular chromosome.

33) How are eukaryotic flagella different from bacterial flagella?

A. They are much bigger in size.

B. They move in a whip-like fashion, as opposed to a circular fashion.

C. They are covered by the plasma membrane.

D. A & B only

E. all of the above

36) The primary function of of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is:

A. aerobic respiration

B. the breakdown of phagocytized material

C. assembly of ribosomal subunits

D. polysaccharide and lipid modification of proteins

E. protein synthesis of membrane-bound and secreted proteins

In a population of small homeotherms (endotherms), a mutation arises that results in the inner mitochondrial membrane having fewer folds(see page 3). A scientist measures the total length of the membrane within 10 members each of the two different types of animals. He finds that in the less folded membrane (animal type LF) the length is at about one-third that of the more folded membrane (animal type MF).

Based on the above finding he would correctly predict which one of the following? Top of Form

a) Animal type LF is capable of producing more ATP than animal type MF
b) Animal type MF is capable of producing more ATP than animal type LF.
c) There is no difference in the amount of ATP produced by the 2 types of animals.
d) Glycolysis does not occur in animal type LF.
e) Glycolysis does not occur in animal type MF.

Which of the following observations provide the best evidence for the Endosymbiotic Theory of the origin of Eukaryotes?

a) Most bacteria are much larger than mitochondria and chloroplasts.

b) Prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts all have cell walls.

c) Prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts all have DNA and ribosomes.

d) Prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts cannot reproduce themselves.

e) Prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts are not surrounded by membranes.

Boomer Lake with _______ nitrate and phosphate concentrations would be likely to have a lower concentration of dissolved oxygen during the __________.

a) high; day

b) high; night

c) low; day

d) low; night

In a particular population of 100 prairie dogs living in 100 acres, growth rate (r) = 0.1 prairie dogs/prairie dog/year.

[14] For this population, what is a possible combination of b and d?

a) b = 200 births/100 individuals/year and d = 190 deaths/100 individuals/year

b) b = 200 births/100 individuals/year and d = 200 deaths/100 individuals/year

c) b = 190 births/100 individuals/year and d = 200 deaths/100 individuals/year

d) b = 500 births/100 individuals/year and d = 400 deaths/100 individuals/year

e) none of the above are correct

After learning all she could about ant hills our researcher decided to conduct some population surveys of the ants in her research area. She recorded the following results for a 2 acre plot over a period of 3 years:

Beginning of year # # ants

1 500

2 600

3 720

What would the expected ant population size (N) be at the end of the 3rd year (beginning of the 4th year)? ïƒ answer: _____ants

a) 144 b) 744 c) 840 d) 864 e)1320

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