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29 Nov 2019

Which one of the following statements about viruses is correct?

(a) viruses possess their own metabolic system

(b) all viruses contain both RNA and DNA

(c) viruses are obligate parasites

(d) nucleic acid of viruses is known as capsid

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17 Dec 2019
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Related questions

1- An early test to determine if a virus was causing an illnessinvolved passing filtered fluid from one host to the next aftergreat dilution. What did this approach (serial dilution)demonstrate about the agent causing the illness?

2- what is the difference between the eclipse phase and thelatent phase of the virus replication cycle?

3- How are virus capsid proteins limited by the coding potentialof their nucliec acid, and how do they overcome thislimitations?

4- You are working in a lab and isolate a brand new virus. Youanalyze the nucleotide composition and determine the bases are inthe following proportions:

G: 30% T: 40% C:20% A:10% what type and strandedness of nucleicacid does it likely contain? what Baltimore class is it?

5- What is the difference between a satellite nucleic acid and aviroid?

6- Explain how an enveloped virus enters a cell by fusion.

7- What are the three functions of enzyme reversetranscriptase?

8- Some RNA viruses don't package an RNA-dependent RNApolymerase in their particle. How do they replicate? what typ ofvirus does this (nucleic acid type, strandedness, and sense)?

1. Select all of the true statements regarding phageconversion.

-The incorporation of viral genesinto the host cell's DNA is an example of phage conversion.
-The expression of the incorporatedgenes and the resulting alteration of the bacterial phenotype is anexample of phage conversion.
-Cholera toxin genes have a viralorigin.
-The cholera toxin is produced bythe virus.

-The cholera toxin itself is transferred to Vibriocholerae by a virus.

2. Viruses grown in media with radioactive sulfur haveradioactive capsids. Why?

Nucleotides contain sulfur
Cysteine amino acids containsulfur
Capsid peptidoglycans containsulfur

Phospholipids contain sulfur

3. Integrase inhibitors work by:

Agglutinating the reversetranscriptase inhibitors
Preventing the incorporation of theviral DNA into the genome
Blocking the final viralassembly

Degrading the viral envelope

4. Once a prophage is formed, the viral genes are reproducedevery time the bacterium multiplies. The genes that encode thelytic cycle are held in check by a repressor protein. Stressinduces the formation of proteases that degrade the repressor. Howwould this affect the prophage?

Apoptosis would be induced.
The virus enters the lyticcycle.
The bacterial genome isdenatured.

The bacterium rejects the viral genes.

5. Can a virus be killed?

No, viruses are non-living andcannot die.
No, viruses are capable ofself-assembly and cannot be permanently killed.
Yes, separating the genes from thecapsid kills it.

Yes, destroying its genome kills it.

6. Which class of drugs would be effective against HIV but notagainst most other pathogenic viruses?

Translation inhibitors that stopassembly of viral proteins.
Nucleotide analogs that haltreplication.
Non-nucleoside reversetranscriptase inhibitors that block reverse transcription.

Receptor antagonists that block viral entry.

7. An unscrupulous malcontent writes a computer program andembeds it in an e-mail that promises lucrative investmentopportunities. The e-mail is sent to thousands of anonymous users,when they open it the program copies itself into the computer'shard drive. The hard drive begins to fill up with copies of theprogram, once it is completely full the computer crashes. Match thecomponents of this story with the components of a viral lifecycle.

1. e-mail containing virus Virus
2. Innocent user Binding site onhostcell
3. User's hard drive andCPU Host cell'sribosomes
4. Program Uninfected host cell

8. Vaccines work by priming the immune system and inducing theformation of antibodies and memory cells. When the actual virusinfects the host the host's immune system recognizes it andresponds to it. Which feature of viruses helps them thwart thissystem?

The envelops prevents immune systemrecognition.
Autocatalytic proteins replicatewithout genetic material.
The high mutation rate of the viralgenome.
Integration of viral genescamouflages the virus.
Shedding the capsid inactivates theantibodies.

1. In the past 30 years, gene therapy has beenҀ¦

a. used to cure only a handful of diseases
b. used to cure 100s of diseases
c. incredibly successful
d. safe for all patients treated

2. What is special about the viruses used by researchers to introduce genes into human cells?

a. they naturally insert DNA into their host cell's genome
b. they are larger than most other viruses
c. they normally carry human genes that are likely to cause genetic disease
d. they only infect cells that are diseased

3. What is required for gene therapy to work? (Choose ALL correct answers)

[] the introduced gene must be expressed in the correct cells
[] the introduced gene must be expressed in the correct amount
[] the introduced gene must be expressed at the correct time
[] the introduced gene must be expressed in ALL cells

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