Describe how iPS therapy could be used to treat Parkinsonâs Disease. Include in your answer 1) method used to generate patient-specific iPS cells, 2) method used to isolate differentiated cells with the necessary phenotype, 3) method used to introduce the differentiated cells in to the patient, and 4) possible risks to this therapy.

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Jarrod RobelLv2

10 Jul 2018

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The second experiment is described in the following abstract:

Successful reprogramming of differentiated human somatic cells into a pluripotent state would allow creation of patient- and disease-specific stem cells. We previously reported generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, capable of germline transmission, from mouse somatic cells by transduction of four defined transcription factors. Here, we demonstrate the generation of iPS cells from adult human dermal fibroblasts with the same four factors: Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. Human iPS cells were similar to human embryonic stem (ES) cells in morphology, proliferation, surface antigens, gene expression, epigenetic status of pluripotent cell-specific genes, and telomerase activity. Furthermore, these cells could differentiate into cell types of the three germ layers in vitro and in teratomas. These findings demonstrate that iPS cells can be generated from adult human fibroblasts.

What does this tell you about the nature of the changes that take place during the process of differentiation? How would you think that the reactivation of these genes might act?

silverwombat839

1. What is special about the viruses used by researchers to introduce genes into human cells?

a.	they naturally insert DNA into their host cell's genome

b.	they are larger than most other viruses

c.	they normally carry human genes that are likely to cause genetic disease

d.	they only infect cells that are diseased

2. What molecule is used to treat a patient in "gene therapy"?

a.	a DNA molecule

a protein

a lipid

d.	a carbohydrate

3. For a genetic disease to be likely to be treated by gene therapy, which should be true? (Choose ONE best answer)

a.	the disease is caused by a problem with a single gene

b.	the disease is caused by a problem with several genes.

c.	the disease is caused by a virus

Please read and answer the following question

One of the major uses of biotechnology is in treating or curing human diseases. Gene therapy attempts to alter or replace cells to better combat a given disease. For example, say a disease is caused by a mutated gene that causes a cell to function abnormally. A recombinant virus with a correct gene can infect a diseased cell with the incorrect gene and restore the cellâs normal function. Another example deals with cancer. Cancer cells have specific markers on the outside of the cells that can be âreadâ by immune cells. So immune cells can be taken out of the body, primed for a specific cancer marker, grown to large numbers, then injected back into the body to fight the cancer cells.

One of the first steps in gene therapy is to identify and obtain the gene of interest. There are many ways to identify the correct gene.

There are many ways genes can be put into cells. By the use of viruses, restriction enzymes, transformation, liposomes, microinjection, etc. Each of these methods comes with pros and cons.

After going through the protocol to insert the gene of interest into the cell, how do you know the gene is actually in there? Is it in the right spot? Is it working?

A. give ONE way to identify a gene of interest in a cell.

B. Chose a method of gene delivery. Explain how the gene is introduced into the cell. Give TWO pros and TWO cons to this method

C. Give ONE method to determine if your gene of interest is inside the cell give a method that determines if the gene is in the cell AND is functioning properly).