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You have discovered a strange new enzyme that can carry out demethylation on methylated lysine R-groups as well as on 5-methylcytosine, despite the very different structures of these molecules. Using this method in conjunction with gene expression analysis, is it ever possible to differentiate whether a gene is regulated by histone methylation or by DNA methylation? If so, give an example. If not, why is this not possible?

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Jean Keeling
Jean KeelingLv2
29 Sep 2019
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Related questions

QUESTION 10

If you can drink milk as an adult, it means that you have inherited a mutation in the promoter of your lactase gene (the gene that encodes the enzyme you need to break down lactose). Predict the effect of this mutation:

The mutation changes the number of domains in the enzyme, which makes it work more efficiently

The mutation changes the amino acid sequence of the lactase protein

The mutation increases the number of copies of the lactase gene that will be found in your genome

The mutation changes whether the lactase sequence is found in an intron or exon

The mutation affects the expression of the lactase gene

1.2 points

QUESTION 11

A competitive inhibitor is decreasing the activity of an enzyme. Predict the effect of adding more substrate to the reaction.

The substrate will increase the reaction rate by binding to the allosteric site

The substrate will increase the reaction rate by competing with the inhibitor for the active site

The reaction rate will not change unless the inhibitor can be removed

The enzyme adjusts its shape so that the substrate, but NOT the competitive inhibitor, can bind

The substrate will bind to the competitive inhibitor and block its ability to bind to the enzyme

1.2 points

QUESTION 12

What determines where in the genome a transcription regulator will bind?

Transcription regulators bind to the 5' UTR region of a gene

Regulators bind via complementary base-pairing to certain DNA molecules

Covalent bonds form between the transcription regulator and the atoms of the DNA backbone

Every eukaryotic gene has a different transcription regulator that will bind to the 5' end of the gene

Transcription regulators bind to specific DNA sequences via multiple weak non-covalent interactions

1.2 points

QUESTION 13

What is the basic premise of cell theory?

DNA -> RNA -> protein

All cells arise from pre-existing cells

DNA provides the complete instructions to create a cell

The identity of a cell is determined through gene expression patterns

All cells contain the same four basic macromolecules

1.2 points

QUESTION 14

What is the benefit of using BOTH the lac activator and the lac repressor to control gene expression?

Using both an activator and repressor enables cells to more accurately determine the amount of lactose available in the environment

Enzymes to digest lactose are only made when energy is low and lactose is available

The activator can override the inhibition of the lac operon by the repressor

The repressor can control the enhancer, while the activator can control the promoter

When neither the lac activator or repressor is present, expression of the lac operon is too high

1.2 points

QUESTION 15

What is the histone code used for?

Phosphorylation and acetylation of DNA affect its ability to be compacted

Changes to the sequence of DNA change whether DNA will wrap around histone proteins

Covalent modifications of histones affect the ability of the transcription initiation complex to form

Histones provide the codon sequences needed for translation to occur

The histone code affects which amino acids will get added to a polypeptide

My instructor sent me this in an email to study for a final.Please help me construct the best possible answer for this as Ihave not written a satisfactory answer to the first question allsemester.

1) As you know the final does include a comprehensive componentregarding the gene and genome. (80 pts)

This first question has to be extremely detailed. For example,"A gene is a unit of inheritance. The gene carries information forit to be passed from one generation to the next. When you combine agene with the environment you are five the necessities for aphenotype. There are many gene types and elements such as the genesfor RNAs that carry information to make proteins, genes fortransfer RNAs that carry amino acids to the ribosomes, genes forribosomal RNAs that are required for structure, function andactivities of a ribosome, genes for small nuclear RNAs that make upthe spliceosome and help to splice introns, and the genes fortelomerase RNA component (TERC). A gene must also include manyparts such as introns, exons, core promoters, regulatory promoters,activators, downstream promoter enzymes (DPE), and many others.These parts of the genes as well as the different gene types mustallow for some variation in certain conditions to allow evolutionto occur. A gene must also be able to be passed on, or inheritedfrom one generation to the next." Figures and drawings are alsoappreciated by my instructor. If you could basically just throweverything you can think of within a gene or a genome at thisquestion that would be greatly appreciated.

2) You will also need to study genetic mapping, DNA as a digitalstorage device, X chromosome inactivation and synthetic biology.(35 pts)

2. Explain the structural role of the four different categories of biomolecules within a cell.

3. Explain how water, a steroid hormone, and a monosaccharide are transported into a cell down their concentration gradient and explain why the different molecules are transported in different ways.

4. Explain which forms of transport require energy and why, and how ATP facilitates energy-dependent transport.

5. All of the different types of biomolecules can serve as energy sources. Explain which biomolecules are catabolized in which metabolic pathways.

6. Whether or not the cellular machinery is in place for particular catabolic reactions to go forward depends on which genes are being expressed. Explain the different points, in a eukaryotic cell, at which gene expression might be regulated, and how.

7. The primary tasks of any organism are survival and reproduction. Acquiring biomolecules and catabolizing them to generate energy is a major factor in survival. For reproduction to occur, DNA must first be replicated so that it can be passed on. Describe the process of DNA replication.

8. If you wanted to replicate DNA artificially in large quantities, how would you go about it?

9. Once DNA has been replicated, what is the sequence of events in the cell cycle and in cell division that produce the gametes for sexual reproduction? Where does this event fit, along with other cell cycles, in the life cycle of the organism?

10. A number of physical traits in humans are controlled by a simple dominant/recessive relationship between two alleles; here are some examples (dominant/recessive):

Widow’s peak/no widow’s peak

Free earlobes/attached earlobes

Cleft chin/no cleft chin

Dimples/no dimples

Freckles/no freckles

Naturally curly hair (really curly, not wavy)/straight hair

Make a pedigree of your immediate family indicating the possible genotype of each family member (for the six genes listed above) based on their phenotype. If you are adopted, indicate the possible genotypes and phenotypes of your parents. You may make this part up.

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