For C. Elegans (anchor cell) is required induction of vulval development. Which cell express EGF receptor, EGF, Delta, Notch protein to figure out induction and the consequences of those proteins in the cells.

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Bunny GreenfelderLv2

13 Jun 2019

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The EGF-receptor is a receptor tyrosine kinase that binds toepidermal growth factor (EGF). In response to EGF binding, theEGF-receptor stimulates a signaling pathway that involves Ras.Ultimately, this signaling pathway leads to the upregulation offactors that promote cell division. As a result, in response toEGF, cells that express the EGF-receptor undergo cell division toproduce more cells. If an inhibitor that inhibited all G proteinswas added to cells, how would this affect the ability of thesecells to respond to EGF?

1)The inhibitor would have no effect, because the EGF-receptoris not a G protein-coupled receptor.

2)While the receptor would dimerize and autophosphorylate in thepresence of the inhibitor, downstream signaling would be preventedbecause the inhibitor would affect Ras activity.

3)In the presence of the inhibitor, the receptor could bind toEGF and dimerize, but it would not be able to autophosphorylatebecause this requires the activity of a G protein.

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You have isolated an epithelial cell line which is unresponsive to EGF (normal epithelial derived cell lines require EGF in the culture media for growth). You suspect that EGF receptor signaling in this cell line is impaired, and you designate this a mutant cell line. As an assay for EGFR signaling, you have stably transfected this mutant cell line and a normal cell line with a luciferase-based reporter construct that is responsive to the transcription factor Elk-1. You want to determine what component of the signaling pathway is impaired.

Briefly describe a method you could use to transfect the luciferase-based reporter construct DNA into a cell, and then describe how you could establish (or select for) a stable cell line expressing this reporter construct.

Running out of questions for this period, so please help me answer these! :)

1. Substitution with which of the following amino acids would generate an effect that is similar to phosphorylation?
A. Glutamic Acid (E)

B. Lysine (K)

C. Serine (S)
D. Alanine (A)

2. Which of the following structures is most dramatically altered by the hydrolysis of its bound nucleotides?
A. Microtubules

B. The centrosome

C. Actin Filaments

D. Nuclear Lamin

3. In EGF (epidermal growth factor) signaling, which molecule connects with extracellular signal to the cytoplasm?
A. The EGF hormone

B. The EGF receptor

C. Grb2

D. ERK