BIOS1001 : Topic_10_Organic_Chemistry
Document Summary
Homologous series: contain the same functional group, have the same general formula, differ by a ch2 group, have similar chemical properties. Higher boiling points are a result of: a larger molar mass, meaning stronger london forces, polar functional groups have stronger dipole-dipole imf, functional groups with hydrogen bonding imf have stronger intermolecular forces. Branched chain isomers have less surface contact between molecules than straight chain isomers, so have weaker intermolecular forces and consequently, lower boiling points. A structural formula displays all atoms and bonds between atoms. A condensed structural formula is a structural formula with bonds between atoms omitted. In a skeletal formula atoms are omitted (but bonds are shown). Carbon atoms are assumed to be at the intersections and ends of bonds. A 3-d formulae uses solid wedges to represent bonds coming towards the viewer and striped wedges to represent bonds directed away from the viewer. Structural isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
