BY 108 Chapter Notes - Chapter 17: Human Genome Project, Shotgun Sequencing, Base Pair
Document Summary
Genome maps - linkage maps showing relative location of genes. 1st map made in 1911 when 5 genes of drosophila mapped. Genetic maps - distances between genes found by recombination frequencies. Physical maps - diagrams showing relative landmarks within sequences landmark - specific dna sequences, where restriction enzymes cut dna. Contig - contiguous segment of genome made from pieces cut by restriction enzymes. Sequenced-tagged sites (sts) - 100-500 base-pair sequence of a clone. Physical map can be made by overlapping stss. Useful when 2 different groups working on certain nonsequenced dna sequencing - automated sequencing required for the very large genomes. Automated sequencers - provides accurate sequences for up to 500 base-pairs. Dna prepared w/ fluorescent nucleotides, unlabeled nucleotides. Dna separated by size (1st base in sequence found in shortest band, last fluorescent nucleotides lack hydroxyl groups, halt replication base in sequence found in longest band) Artificial chromosome - used to clone larger dna pieces.
