BIOL-2011EL Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Hydrogen Bond, Guanine, Deoxyribonucleoside
25 Jun 2018
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Essentials of Genetics, 8e (Klug)
Chapter 10 DNA Replication and Recombination
1) Which of the following terms accurately describes the replication of DNA in vivo?
A) conservative
B) dispersive
C) semidiscontinuous
D) nonlinear
E) nonreciprocal
Answer: C
Section: 10.1
2) DNA polymerase III adds nucleotides ________.
A) to the 3' end of the RNA primer
B) to the 5' end of the RNA primer
C) in the place of the primer RNA after it is removed
D) to both ends of the RNA primer
E) to internal sites in the DNA template
Answer: A
Section: 10.2
3) DNA polymerase I is thought to add nucleotides ________.
A) to the 5' end of the primer
B) to the 3' end of the primer
C) in the place of the primer RNA after it is removed
D) on single-stranded templates without need for an RNA primer
E) in a 5' to 5' direction
Answer: C
Section: 10.2, 10.3
4) Which terms accurately reflect the nature of replication of the chromosome in E. Coli?
A) bidirectional and fixed point of initiation
B) unidirectional and reciprocal
C) unidirectional and fixed point of initiation
D) multirepliconic and telomeric
E) bidirectional and multirepliconic
Answer: A
Section: 10.2, 10.3, 10.4
5) Which cluster of terms accurately reflects the nature of DNA replication in prokaryotes?
A) fixed point of initiation, bidirectional, conservative
B) fixed point of initiation, unidirectional, conservative
C) random point of initiation, bidirectional, semiconservative
D) fixed point of initiation, bidirectional, semiconservative
E) random point of initiation, unidirectional, semiconservative
Answer: D
Section: 10.2, 10.3, 10.4
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6) The discontinuous aspect of replication of DNA in vivo is caused by ________.
A) polymerase slippage
B) trinucleotide repeats
C) the 5' to 3' polarity restriction
D) topoisomerases cutting the DNA in a random fashion
E) sister-chromatid exchanges
Answer: C
Section: 10.3, 10.4, 10.5
7) Structures located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes are called ________.
A) centromeres
B) telomerases
C) recessive mutations
D) telomeres
E) permissive mutations
Answer: D
Section: 10.7
8) Assume that a culture of E. coli was grown for approximately 50 generations in 15N
(provided in the medium in the ammonium ion), which is a heavy isotope of nitrogen (14N). You
extract the DNA from the culture, and it has a density of 1.723 gm/cm3 (water = 1.00 gm/cm3).
From the literature, you determine that DNA containing only the common form of nitrogen, 14N,
has a density of 1.700 gm/cm3. Bacteria from the 15N culture were washed in buffer and
transferred to 14N medium for one generation immediately after which the DNA was extracted
and its density determined.
(a) What would be the expected density of the extracted DNA?
(b) After you heat the extracted DNA until it completely denatures (95°C for 15 minutes), what
would you expect the density of the DNA in the denatured extract to be? For the purposes of this
question, assume that DNA has the same density regardless of whether it is single- or double-
stranded.
(c) Assuming that the molar percentage of adenine in the extracted DNA was 20%, what would
be the expected molar percentages of the other nitrogenous bases in this DNA?
(d) Assume that a fraction of the extracted DNA was digested to completion with the enzyme
snake venom diesterase. This enzyme cleaves between the phosphate and the 3' carbon. Present a
"simplified" diagram that would illustrate the structure of the predominant resulting molecule.
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Answer:
(a) approximately 1.712
(b) 1.723 and 1.700
(c) thymine = 20%, guanine = 30%, cytosine = 30%
(d)
Section: 10.1
9) Assume that you are microscopically examining mitotic metaphase cells of an organism with a
2n chromosome number of 4 (one pair metacentric and one pair telocentric). Assume also that
the cell passed through one S phase labeling (innermost phosphate of dTTP radioactive) just
prior to the period of observation. Assuming that the circle below represents a cell, draw its
chromosomes and the autoradiographic pattern you would expect to see.
Answer:
Section: 10.1
10) What three possible models were suggested to originally describe the nature of DNA
replication?
Answer: conservative, semiconservative, dispersive
Section: 10.1
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Document Summary
Chapter 10 dna replication and recombination: which of the following terms accurately describes the replication of dna in vivo, conservative, dispersive, semidiscontinuous, nonlinear, nonreciprocal. Section: 10. 2, 10. 3: which terms accurately reflect the nature of replication of the chromosome in e. coli, bidirectional and fixed point of initiation, unidirectional and reciprocal, unidirectional and fixed point of initiation, multirepliconic and telomeric, bidirectional and multirepliconic. 1: the discontinuous aspect of replication of dna in vivo is caused by ________, polymerase slippage, trinucleotide repeats, the 5" to 3" polarity restriction, topoisomerases cutting the dna in a random fashion, sister-chromatid exchanges. Section: 10. 3, 10. 4, 10. 5: structures located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes are called ________, centromeres, telomerases, recessive mutations, telomeres, permissive mutations. Section: 10. 7: assume that a culture of e. coli was grown for approximately 50 generations in 15n (provided in the medium in the ammonium ion), which is a heavy isotope of nitrogen (14n).
