BIOL 1201 : Bio Exam 3 Material
Document Summary
Cells need to process the genetic material characteristic of the organism: genetic material is dna, the daughter cells need the complete genetic complement. Prokaryotes: circular strands of dna, replicate the dna and pass it on to the daughter cells, divide by binary fission. Eukaryotes: a problem, genetic material is found in linear chromosomes, linear strands of dna complexed with proteins, multiple chromosomes (e. g. humans 46) How to ensure that each daughter cell gets the complete set of chromosomes: how do you get identical daughter cells, need a mechanism to allow each daughter cell to have a copy of each chromosome. Mitosis: reproduction, growth, repair, produce daughter cells that have identical genetic components, occurs in somatic cells. Cell cycle: interphase, 90% of cell cycle, g1, synthesis of cell components, increase in number of organelles, s phase, synthesis of dna, doubling of the genetic material (dna replicated, g2, centrioles replicate in animal cells.