PLANTBI C112 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Ammonia, Glycerol, Antiporter
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Fill in the blank in the following table:
metabolic cycle | location pro/ eukaryote | components | substrates | products | pathway purpose |
embden- meyerhof- parnas (glycolysis) | cytoplasm/ cytoplasm | 10 enzymes | |||
pentose phosphate pathway | cytoplasm/ cytoplasm | dozen enzyme | 1 Glucose (6 carbon), 1 NADP, 1ATP | 1 Ribose-P (5 carbon) + 1CO2, 1NADPH, or sugars, 1 ADP | Nucleotide synthesis, NADPH for anabolism |
PDH reaction | cytoplasm/ mitochondria matrix | ||||
TCA/ Krebs/ citric acid cycle | generation of high energy electron carriers, provide metabolic precursors | ||||
Electron transport chain + ATP synthase (aerobic respiration) | |||||
Electron transport chain + ATP synthase (anaerobic respiration) | 1Nitrate or sulfate or CO2, 1NADH + ____ ADP Or 1FADH2+ ____ ADP | N2, or NO2 or H2S or CH4 1NAD + ____ ATP Or 1FADH2+ ____ ATP | Generate proton motive forces abd use to generate ATP regenerate NAD+ | ||
Fermentation | cytoplasm/ cytoplasm | 1 or more enzymes (vary by organism) | 1 pyruvate, 1 NADH | 1 alcohol or acid (maybe 1 CO2) NAD+ | Regenerate NAD+ |
QUESTION 6
Which of the following is not true for Gram-negative, acid-fast, and archaeal membranes?
a. | They modify their lipid content in response to environmental changes. | |
b. | They have co-evolved the same outer membrane composition and structure. | |
c. | They all have a cytoplasmic membrane. | |
d. | Membrane transport proteins regulate nutrient uptake and waste removal. |
1 points
QUESTION 7
Compared to Mycobacteria, Gram-negative bacterium contain:
a. | More mycolic acid. | |
b. | Pores of increased length. | |
c. | Less peptidoglycan. | |
d. | 50-fold-lower numbers of porins. |
1 points
QUESTION 8
Archaea are found to survive in strongly acidic lakes compared to bacteria and Eukaryotes. Which of the following supports this claim according to the study?
a. | The presence of L-glycerol ether linked lipids in Archaea membranes. | |
b. | The presence of D-glycerol ether linked lipids in Archaea membranes. | |
c. | The presence of L-glycerol ester linked peptidoglycans in Archaea membranes. | |
d. | The presence of L-glycerol ester linked lipids in Archaea membranes. |
1 points
QUESTION 9
Based on your understanding of the symbiotic relationship between Nanoarchaeum equitans and Ignicoccus, which of the following below is not true?
a. | The membrane lipids of N. equitans are synthesized by Ignoccocus. | |
b. | In exchange for membrane lipids, N. equitans provide Ignicoccus with many essential cytoplasmic enzymes. | |
c. | N. equitans lack enzymes capable of catalyzing lipid biosynthesis. | |
d. | Intraperiplasmic vesicles produced by Ignicoccus allow for lipid transfer to N. equitans. |
1 points
QUESTION 10
What is the role of hydrogen bonds in bacteria, as mentioned in the article?
a. | They mediate transmembrane electron flow. | |
b. | They mediate lipid biosynthesis. | |
c. | They help to stabilize the cytoplasmic membrane. | |
d. | They are responsible for the selective permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane. |
1 points
QUESTION 1
Ion diffusion across plasma membrane needs
a concentration gradient across the membrane | ||
specific transporters | ||
ATP | ||
provide extra energy for the transport |
2 points
QUESTION 2
There are four types of large biological molecules
2 points
QUESTION 3
Active transporters transport substances across cell membrane against ____________
2 points
QUESTION 4
Which of the following is a nonpolar amino acid?
1. | Valine | |
2. | Serine | |
3. | Aspartic acid | |
4. | Glutamic acid |
2 points
QUESTION 5
Membrane potential of a cell is created by:
1. | sodium ion concentration difference between inside and outside of the cell | |
2. | a difference in protein concentration across the cell membrane | |
3. | an electrical potential difference between the intracellular fluid and the surrounding extracellular fluid | |
4. | a difference between the potassium concentration inside and outside of the cell |
2 points
QUESTION 6
A mutation resulted in a change from a valine to a glutamic acid in a peptide sequence. This mutation will NOT change the protein folding
True
False
2 points
QUESTION 7
Ions can be transported across plasma membrane by
1. | diffusion | |
2. | No need of transporters | |
3. | osmosis | |
4. | active transport |
2 points
QUESTION 8
Phospholipid is composed of
1. | A glycerol backbone | |
2. | One protein group | |
3. | One carbohydrate group | |
4. | Two fatty acid chains and one phosphate group |
2 points
QUESTION 9
Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells are similar in
1. | Plasma membrane | |
2. | nucleus | |
3. | mechanism for protein translation | |
4. | endoplasmic reticulum |
2 points
QUESTION 10
Disulfide bonds are formed between two histidine residues
True
False