IPA Gloss
pəluqʰ ‘ash’
iika ‘my eye’
aŋutʰkʰ ‘two men’
kaːnəkʰt͡ʃakʰ ‘something that looks like frost’
pistəŋuːtʰ ‘they are servants’
arnakʰ ‘two women’
tuqmikʰ ‘bucket, pail’
pʰki ‘concerning travel’
arnaqʰ ‘woman’
aŋutʰqʰ ‘man’
aŋutʰtʰ ‘three or more men’
aquqʰ ‘middle finger’
plaːiinaqʰ ‘string’
arnatʰ ‘three or more women’
kuikʰ ‘river’
1. List preceding and following environments for the sets of segments [p t k q] and for [pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ].
[p t k q]
before:
after:
[pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ]
before:
after:
2. These two classes of sounds are in complementary distribution. In a sentence or two, clearly state how you can tell that they’re in complementary distribution. Be as specific as possible.
3. Using features, characterize the environments where the alternation between plain and aspirated stops occurs. (One of the environments will be “elsewhere”.)
• [p t k q] occur:
• [pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ] occur:
4. Using features, character the natural segment classes consisting of [p t k q] and of [pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ].
• [p t k q]:
• [pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ]:
5. Write a rule (in formal notation) that describes the relationship between [p t k q] and [pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ] in Central Alaskan Yup’ik.
6. Show derivations for the following surface forms.
UR
Rule
SR [aquqʰ] [aŋutʰkʰ] [tuqmikʰ] [pʰki]
IPA Gloss
pəluqʰ ‘ash’
iika ‘my eye’
aŋutʰkʰ ‘two men’
kaːnəkʰt͡ʃakʰ ‘something that looks like frost’
pistəŋuːtʰ ‘they are servants’
arnakʰ ‘two women’
tuqmikʰ ‘bucket, pail’
pʰki ‘concerning travel’
arnaqʰ ‘woman’
aŋutʰqʰ ‘man’
aŋutʰtʰ ‘three or more men’
aquqʰ ‘middle finger’
plaːiinaqʰ ‘string’
arnatʰ ‘three or more women’
kuikʰ ‘river’
1. List preceding and following environments for the sets of segments [p t k q] and for [pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ].
[p t k q]
before:
after:
[pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ]
before:
after:
2. These two classes of sounds are in complementary distribution. In a sentence or two, clearly state how you can tell that they’re in complementary distribution. Be as specific as possible.
3. Using features, characterize the environments where the alternation between plain and aspirated stops occurs. (One of the environments will be “elsewhere”.)
• [p t k q] occur:
• [pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ] occur:
4. Using features, character the natural segment classes consisting of [p t k q] and of [pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ].
• [p t k q]:
• [pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ]:
5. Write a rule (in formal notation) that describes the relationship between [p t k q] and [pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ] in Central Alaskan Yup’ik.
6. Show derivations for the following surface forms.
UR
Rule
SR [aquqʰ] [aŋutʰkʰ] [tuqmikʰ] [pʰki]