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12 Dec 2019

The smallest respiratory bronchioles subdivide into thin airways called

1-terminal bronchioles.

2-alveolar pores.

3-alveolar ducts.

4-alveolar sacs.

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Sixta KovacekLv2
13 Dec 2019
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Related questions

1-mucus in the mucus membrane is an example of the ? first orsecond or third line of defense

2-which of the following is not a first line of defense? skin ortears or saliva or fever

3-what type of cell leaves the bloodstream and matures into amacrophage? monocyte or lymphocyte or eosinophil

4- which blood cells scan for _____ on the surface of pathogenicmicrobes? PRRs or PAMPs or PMNs

5-fixed macrophages that are found in the lung are called?alveolar or lymphocyte or eosinophil

6-during ingestion pesudopods of a phagocyte fuse surronding themicroorganism in a (n)? phagosome or granule or inclusion bod orhistiocyte

7-interferons are produced by certain animal cells are afterbeing infected by? protozoa or bacteria or virses

8-when macrophages ingest microorganism they fuse with thisorganelle to destory the infectious agent? chloroplast or lysosomeor endoplasmic reticlum

9-chemicals realsed by defensive cells that regulate intensityand duration of immune response are called ? antibodies orcytokines or peroxides

10-which is not a benefit of fever? reduce iron availability topathogens or ill temp sensetive infectious agent or tachyecadia

1-mucus in the mucus membrane is an example of the ?

a- first

b-second

c-third line of defense

2-which of the following is not a first line of defense?

a- skin

b- tears

c- saliva or fever

3-what type of cell leaves the bloodstream and matures into amacrophage?

a- monocyte

b- lymphocyte

c-eosinophil

4- which blood cells scan for _____ on the surface of pathogenicmicrobes?

1- PRRs

2- PAMPs

3- PMNs

5-fixed macrophages that are found in the lung are called?

a-alveolar

b- lymphocyte

c-osinophil

6-during ingestion pesudopods of a phagocyte fuse surronding themicroorganism in a (n)?

a-phagosome

b- granule

c- inclusion bod

d- histiocyte

7-interferons are produced by certain animal cells are afterbeing infected by?

a-protozoa

b- bacteria

c- virses

8-when macrophages ingest microorganism they fuse with thisorganelle to destory the infectious agent?

a- chloroplast

b- lysosome o

c-endoplasmic reticlum

9-chemicals realsed by defensive cells that regulate intensityand duration of immune response are called ?

a-antibodies

b- cytokines

c-peroxides

10-which is not a benefit of fever?

a-reduce iron availability to pathogens

b- ill temp sensetive infectious agent

c- tachyecadia

The epiglottis acts as a

voice box.

filter for microorganisms and debris.

cover over the larynx.

producer of mucus.

ANSWER:

(Level 1, Objective 1)

Collectively, the nose, oral cavity, pharynx, epiglottis, and larynx make up the

nasopharynx.

oropharynx.

laryngopharynx.

upper respiratory system.

ANSWER:

(Level 1, Objective 1)

The cilia present on cells of the lower respiratory system function by:

trapping microorganisms and foreign debris.

propelling microorganisms and particles out.

preventing colonization by potential pathogens.

all of the above.

ANSWER:

(Level 1, Objective 2)

The most common causative agent of a swollen and painful oropharynx is

Streptococcus pyogenes.

Arcanobacterium haemolyticum.

Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

Rhinovirus.

ANSWER:

(Level 1, Objective 3)

Infections associated with cystic fibrosis are due to inflammation of the:

bronchi.

bronchioles.

lungs.

alveoli.

ANSWER:

(Level 1, Objective 3)

A physician sends a nasal washing for viral culture. This specimen is

unacceptable because it is contaminated with upper respiratory flora.

acceptable as long as it contains epithelial cells.

unacceptable if it is for the detection of influenza or respiratory syncytial viruses.

acceptable if it has a thick consistency and is yellow or green in color.

ANSWER:

(Level 2, Objective 4)

A patient is unable to produce adequate sputum for routine, acid-fast, and fungal cultures. The physician may attempt to obtain a/an

induced sputum.

transtracheal aspirate.

bronchoalveolar lavage.

pleural fluid.

ANSWER:

(Level 1, Objective 4)

9. Two throat swabs are received from a 6-year-old female with orders for a rapid screen for group A Streptococcus. One swab is tested using the group A Streptococcus rapid screen, and it is negative. The second swab is used to inoculate

a. sheep blood agar.

b. chocolate agar.

c. no culture is necessary.

d. a and b.

ANSWER:

(Level 1, Objective 6)

Which of the following disease states requires the addition of selective and/or differential medium to ensure recovery of potential pathogens from the respiratory system?

Pertussis

Cystic fibrosis

Laryngitis

a and b

all of the above

ANSWER:

(Level 2, Objective 6)

11. A throat culture provides the following results:

Moderate growth of alpha-hemolytic, catalase-negative, optochin-susceptible, gram-positive diplococci

Heavy growth of alpha-hemolytic, catalase-negative, optochin-resistant, gram-positive cocci

Heavy growth of gamma-hemolytic, oxidase-positive, glucose- and maltose­-positive, gram­ diplococci

You would report

moderate growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae and heavy growth of normal upper respiratory flora.

heavy growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae and heavy growth of normal upper respiratory flora.

heavy growth of Neisseria meningitidis and heavy growth of normal upper respiratory flora.

heavy growth of normal upper respiratory flora.

ANSWER:

(Level 3, Objective 7)

Yeast colonies in a sputum culture are considered significant when they

are present.

comprise 25% of the organisms present.

comprise 50% of the organisms present.

comprise 75% of the organisms present.

ANSWER:

(Level 1, Objective 7)

13. An 8-year-old male presents with a red and sore throat. The rapid group A Streptococcus screen is negative, and a sheep blood agar is inoculated. At 24 hours, there are no beta-hemolytic colonies present and moderate growth of normal upper respiratory flora. At 48 hours, the same culture results are present. Which of the following statements does not explain these results?

a. His sore throat is due to Haemophilus influenzae, and it will not grow on blood agar.

b. The culture was taken very early in the infection.

c. The patient received treatment prior to specimen collection.

d. The causative agent is not bacterial.

ANSWER:

(Level 2, Objective 8)

17. A quantitative bronchial alveolar lavage culture requires:

1. sheep blood agar.

2. chocolate agar.

3. 0.01 mL pipette.

4. 0.001 mL pipette.

a. 1 and 3

b. 1, 3, and 4

c. 2, 3, and 4

d. 2 and 4

ANSWER:

(Level 1, Objective 9)

18. A bronchial washing is plated to a BCYE. This agar should be examined under a laminar flow hood due to the potential for recovery of Legionella pneumophila and

a. Bordetella pertussis.

Francisella tularensis.

mould.

Pneumocystis jiroveci.

ANSWER:

(Level 2, Objective 9)

20. A physician submits a sputum with a culture request for Legionella. Select the growth medium that should be used to cultivate this organism.

a. 7H10

b. TCBS

c. BCSA

d. BCYE

ANSWER:

(Level 1, Objective 6)

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