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10 Nov 2019

Water quality vs fish population

Dissolved oxygen 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18

Number of Fish observed: o,1,3,10,12,13,15,10,12,13

1. Based on the information above, what patterns do ouobserve?

2. Develop a hypothesis relating to the amount of dissolvedoxygen measured in the water sample and the number of fish observedin the body of water.

3. What would your experiment approach be to testthishypothesis?

4. What are the independent and dependent variables?

5. What would be our control?

6. What type of graph would be appropriate for this data set?why?

7. Genrate a line graph of the data from the table above andpaste it below

8. Interpret the data from the graph made in question 7; what isthe relationship dissolved oxxygen concentration and the number offish and why.

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Lelia Lubowitz
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11 Jun 2019
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Related questions

Introduction to Science
EXERCISE 1: DATA INTERPRETATION
Soil pollution can have negative impacts on both plants andanimals. For example, the presence of heavy metals, such as lead ormercury, in soil can slow plant growth or even prevent growth alltogether. Furthermore, lead does not degrade over time, remain ingin soil for thousands of years. As a result, the presence of leadin soil is of great concern to agricultural workers.
PROCEDURE
A team of scientists performed an experiment to understand howthe concentration of lead in soil affects plant growth. They identified ten locations with different concentrations of lead in thesoil. They then planted 50 seeds in each location. Examine the datain Table 4, which shows the amount of lead in the soil and thenumber of plants that grew. Then, answer the questions below.
Table 4. Plant Growth and Soil Lead Concentration
Lead Concentration(mg lead/kg soil) 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100,120, 140, 160, 180
Number of Plants Observed 48, 45, 40, 34, 23, 13, 7, 2, 1,0
1. Whatpatterns do you observe based on the information in Table4
2. What type of graph is most appropriate to present the data in Table4? Create a graph of the data in Excel
3. Is it easier to observe patterns and see the connection betweenlead concentration in soil and the number of plants using a graphor table? After creating your graph, would you change your answerto Question 1?
4. Develop a detailed hypothesis for your experiment.
5. Whatwould your experimental approach be to test this hypothesis? Bedetailed in your description of the experiment.
6. What are the independent, dependent, and controlled variables inyour experiment?
7. What type of graph would be appropriate for this data set?Why?

Lab Topic 1: The Process of Science

Introduction

1. Which of the following questions would you consider appropriate scientific questions that can be tested using the scientific method? For the statements that can be tested using the scientific method, explain how your experiment would be set up. Explain the different steps in the scientific method as they relate to this statement.

a. Does the pH of the soil affect the color of hydrangea flowers?

b. What properties of the soil influence the color of hydrangea flowers?

c. Do hydrangeas look more beautiful when grown in the right soil?

d. Was The Day After Tomorrow a better movie than Terminator?

e. Does grass require fertilizer in order to grow?

2. Read this hypothesis and answer the questions below:

Plants kept closer to windows grow larger than plants kept several feet away from windows.

a. Indicate the dependent variable:

b. Indicate the independent variable:

c. List 3 other variables that must be kept constant in this experiment (the control variables).

d. Write a prediction based on the above hypothesis.

Exercise 1.1

Take a Deep Breath

Students will need to take a picture of themselves or their group walking up and down on the step or doing other exercise. Include a note with your name and date on an index card in the picture. Insert picture here:

1. Identify the following in the experimental design. You will need to refer to the protocol to answer this question.

a. Independent variable:

b. Dependent variable:

c. Experimental dataset:

d. Control dataset:

e. Hypothesis:

2. Fill in the data for each individual in your group for the Breath experiment.

Length of time breath can be held (seconds)

Individual Tested

Resting

After 1 minutes of exercise

After 5 minutes of exercise

Average (take the average for each column)

3. Look at the averages for all individuals in your group. Was the hypothesis you stated in the previous question supported by the “average data”? Explain your answer!!!

4. Now look at the data for each individual separately. Was there data for anyone in your group that did not support the hypothesis? If yes, explain whythis could be.

5. How many replicates did your group have?________________ Why is it good to have more than one replicate?

Exercise 1.2

Let’s Graph

In this exercise, you will be graphing the data that you collected in exercise 1.1.

1. In exercise 1.1, you identified the independent and dependent variables. Which one goes on the X axis of the graph and which goes on the Y axis?

2. Will you make a line or a bar graph of your data? Explain why you chose this type of graph.

3. You will need to use excel to generate a graph of your data. On this graph, you will need to label the title, independent variable, dependent variable and possibly the legend. You will need to select an appropriate scale so the data is spread out on the graph.

*Consult with your instructor to see how he/she would like for you to submit your graph. You might work on it in class and submit it through D2L or you might submit it at a different time. If you are taking the online version of the class, you will need to use Excel or word to make the graph.

Exercise 1.3

You will need to get the data under exercise 1.3 in the protocol sheet to complete these sections.

1. What is the dependent variable?

2. What is the independent variable?

3. Which, if any, of these individuals has diabetes? ___A or B ___?

4. What data do you have to support your hypothesis?

5. Construct a graph showing the time after eating each group had the greatest blood glucose levels.

dentifying Dependent and Independent Variables

In order to test a hypothesis and prediction, controlled experiments are used. Controlled experiments involve several necessary components. An independent variable is usually manipulated by a researcher but does not change as a result of the experiment. The changes in the dependent variable may be caused by the experiment (and depend upon the independent variable). Graphs that depict the experimental data list the independent variable on the x-axis while the y-axis shows the dependent variable.

A commonly used mnemonic (memory device) to aid in distinguishing the characteristics of the types of variables is DRY MIX.

D = dependent variable (depends on the other)

R = responding variable (one that changes)

Y = y-axis on a graph

M = manipulated variable (one that is changed by the researcher)

I = independent variable

X = x-axis on a graph

The following sentence is a template to write an if/then statement to be used as a prediction:

If the independent variable is changed [increased, decreased, etc.], then the dependent variable will change in this way [increase, decrease, etc.].

Example: If the amount of available light increases, then plant growth will increase.

Discussion Questions:

Use the tools and examples just discussed to answer the questions about the experiment scenario described next.

Jonah and Tessa noticed that some Leopard frogs by a local river had extra limbs. They decided to check various areas along the river to make more observations. They recorded their observations in their field notebooks. Jonah and Tessa performed a simple laboratory experiment with Leopard frog eggs and river water taken at various spots along the river. They noticed that adult frogs developing from eggs in water collected near an industrial park showed more deformities, but the deformities seemed to be different than those seen on frogs in the natural setting by the river.

Write a prediction that would be appropriate for the experiment scenario.

What would be the independent variable in the experiment?

What would be the dependent variable in the experiment?

What steps should Jonah and Tessa take to ensure that the experiment would be controlled?

Why would they perform these experiments in the laboratory and not in the river?

What conclusion should the researchers derive from their data?

What might be some alternative hypotheses for this situation?

What could be a next step for their investigation?

What other information may help them design future experiments?

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