9. True or False? MIC50 is the concentration of antibiotics where 50% of the bacteria in a culture were killed.

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a patient had a gram negative infection. antibiotics were given to him that killed thebgram negative bacteria, but symptoms of fever and low blood prpressure persisted. explein in detail iil the reasons for these symptoms?

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In the Avery, McCleod, and McCarty experiment, live or heat killed virulent S strain bacterial cells (kill mice) and avirulent R strain bacterial cells (do not kill mice) were mixed with each other and with various enzymes before injecting into mice. Which of the following combinations of treatments would result in a transformation event such that transformed bacteria generated after the mixing of these materials would kill mice when injected into them?

i. heat killed S bacteria + heat killed R bacteria + protease
ii. heat killed S bacteria + heat killed R bacteria + RNAse
iii. heat killed S bacteria + heat killed R bacteria + DNAse
iv. heat killed S bacteria + live R bacteria + protease
v. heat killed S bacteria + live R bacteria + RNAse
vi. heat killed S bacteria + live R bacteria + DNAse
vii. heat killed R bacteria + live S bacteria + protease
viii. heat killed R bacteria + live S bacteria + RNAse
ix. heat killed R bacteria + live S bacteria + DNAse

a.i, ii, iv, v, vii, viii

b.iv, v

c.iii, vi, ix

d.vii, viii

e.iv, v, vii, viii

beigemink469

n 1928, Sir Alexander Fleming was studying Staphylococcus bacteria growing in culture dishes. He noticed that a mold called Penicillium was also growing in some of the dishes. A clear area existed around the mold because all the bacteria that had grown in this area had died. In the culture dishes without the mold, no clear areas were present. Fleming hypothesized that the mold must be producing a chemical that killed the bacteria. He decided to isolate this substance and test it to see if it would kill bacteria. Fleming transferred the mold to a nutrient broth solution. This solution contained all the materials the mold needed to grow. After the mold grew, he removed it from the nutrient broth. Fleming then added the nutrient broth in which the mold had grown to a culture of bacteria. He observed that the bacteria died which was later used to develop antibiotics used to treat a variety of diseases

1. Identify the problem. 2. What was Fleming's hypothesis? 3. How was the hypothesis tested? 4. Should the hypothesis be supported or rejected based on the experiment? 5. This experiment lead to the development of what major medical advancement?