Why is it important to know both the structure of an active site and the amino acids that are found in the active site? How might this relate to medicine?

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Trinidad TremblayLv2

16 Nov 2018

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Related questions

Enzymes are long proteins, usually containing more than100 amino acids, yet the active site contains only a few aminoacids. Which amino acids appear most frequently in active sites ofenzymes? Explain why the other amino acids of the chain are presentand what would happen to the activity if the enzyme's structurewere changed significantly.

carminerat489

Which of the following statements describe(s) the characteristics of an enzyme active site that result in highly specific substrate selectivity and highly specific catalytic ability? (Select all that apply.)

a. The active site is a highly specific three-dimensional cleft or pocket formed from different parts of the primary amino acid sequence.

b. The active site takes up only a small part of the total enzyme.

c. Amino acid side chains at the active site combine to create a microenvironment where the arrangement of atoms is uniquely matched to characteristics of only a single substrate species.

d. Mostly weak interactionsâH-bonding, van der Waals interactions, and hydrophobic interactionsâfunction to bind the substrate to the active site.

e. Some amino acids at the active site actively participate in making and breaking of bonds by lowering the activation energy of the overall reaction.

Assume the amino acid R groups located in the active site of an enzyme important for its function are Glutamate and Aspartate at positions 85 and 176. Both of these are polar, negatively charged AAâs. What would likely happen if one of these AAâs were mutated to a lysine, which is a positively charged AA?

A. Nothing. The enzyme would function normally

B. The active site wouldnât form and the substrate wouldnât bind, and no catalysis would take place.

C. The active site would form, the substrate could bind, but catalysis wouldnât take place or at a reduced rate.

D. The active site would form but the substrate couldnât bind and no catalysis would take place.

The correct answer is C. Could someone please explain why this is?
Thank you