Binding of the T helper cell receptor to an dendritic cellâs MHC II molecule displaying a foreign antigen results in: (Select all that apply.)

attack of the dendritic cell by cytotoxic T cells

production of clones of T helper memory cells

production of clones of the T helper cell

clonal expansion of antibody producing cells

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Elin HesselLv2

16 Jan 2019

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Like T cells, B cells require multiple signals for activation. Antigen binding to the B cell antigen ______ provides one signal, while antigen-specific effector ______ provide the other signals. The requirement for multiple signals to activate either a T cell or a B cell helps to prevent ______ and dangerous activation of monocytes , including ______ ______ . Most of the proteins involved in cellâcell recognition and antigen recognition in the immune system, including ______, TCRs, and ______ proteins, as well as various co-receptors, belong to the ancient Ig superfamily. This superfamily is thought to have evolved from a primordial gene encoding a single Ig- like ______ . The mechanisms for diversifying antibodies and T cell receptors by recombining gene segments may have arisen when a ______ inserted into an exon of a gene encoding an Ig family member.

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tanmacaw520

1. during inflamation fluid will passively diffuse out of blod vessels into the nearby infected tissue. This implies all of the following EXCEPT

a.the osmolarity of the fluid surrounding infected tissues is higher than the plasma b the surrounding tissue will swell with excessive fluids c near by cappilaries have become more pearmeable d B-lymphocyte will differeniate to become plasma cell

2. which of the following best describe the qualities of most antigens?

a macromolecules that are foreign to the host b atomic elements that are not normally present in the human body c macromolecules tah tare produced by the host organism d atomic elements that are harmful or toxic

3. an adbantages to adaptive immunity is

a its memory cell that provide quicker larger and more efficient immune response upon second exposure to an antigen b its need for several cells to be activated over several days on first exposure c the ability for its individul cells to respond to many differnt pathogens d the use of antibodies that cause cells lysis and kill invading cells

4, an advantages of innate immunity is

a its a barrier taht prevent pathogens from entering into the body b the specifcity of its individual cell which specialize in the removal on one type of antigen c the numerous step in the activation of its cell that can prevent autoimmune disease d the use of the antibodies to cause cell lysis and kill invading cell

5. B- lymphocytes are categorized as part of the adaptive branch of the immune sys for all of the following reason but one Which of the following is NOT one part of reason B lyphocytes are considered part of the adaptive immunity?

a they produce memory cell when activated b their receptors will bind to only one antigen c they require costimulation from an activated T helper cell d thet are a first line of defense that can begin killing

6. Over lap in the innate and adaptive immune sys is seen in all of the following examples but one Which of the following examples does NOT illustrate the over lap of innate and adaptive immune resposes ??? a dendritic cell presenting antigen on their MHC II proteins to T helper cells b macrophage becoming activated macrophages in response to cytokines realesed by T helper cells c natural killer cell causing of an abnoraml host cell lacking MHC proteins d Plasma cell that produce large amounts of IgE that will ultimetly allow mast cell to relase histamine

7. Which of the following examples below describe an autoimmune disease? a infection and death of T helper cells bya virus resulting in a loss of adaptive immunity b realse of bacterial endotoxins that block acetylcholine realse result is muscle paralysis c antibody binding to acetylcholine receptors of hte motor end palte resulting in muscle weakness.d uncontrolled cell division resulting in cell surface abnormalities recognized by natural killer cell.

8. Which of he following does NOT describe actions of interferon IFN? a virally infected cell can release interferon which attracts natural killer cell to attack and kill the IFN secreting cell b IFN binds to normal uninfected cell stimulating the activation of genes that produce anti viral proteins c IFN will attract macrophages to the secreting cell to be removed bt phagocytosis d IFN can penetrate the virla capsid and destroy the virus

Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph using words from the word bank below. Not all words will be used, and some may be used more than once.

Like T cells, B cells require multiple signals for activation. Antigen binding to the B cell antigen __________provides one signal, while antigen-specific effector ________ provide the other signals. The requirement for multiple signals to activate either a T cell or a B cell helps to prevent _______ and dangerous activation of _________ , including __________ _________. Most of the proteins involved in cellâcell recognition and antigen recognition in the immune system, including _________ , TCRs, and _______ proteins, as well as various co-receptors, belong to the ancient Ig superfamily. This superfamily is thought to have evolved from a primordial gene encoding a single Ig- like _______ . The mechanisms for diversifying antibodies and T cell receptors by recombining gene segments may have arisen when a _________ inserted into an exon of a gene encoding an Ig family member.

receptors (BCRs) helper T cells killer T cells
inappropriate appropriate monocytes
lymphocytes self-reactive non-self-reactive
antibodies IPR MHC
domain transposon retrovirus