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27 Dec 2018

Why are there so many endemic species (that is, species found nowhere else) on islands?

Why have the overwhelming majority of recent extinctions occurred on islands?

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Nelly Stracke
Nelly StrackeLv2
29 Dec 2018

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Related questions

A species of plant is found on several very small islands in the Florida Keys. The population on the islands do not interbreed with one another, nor are they transported by humans. Interestingly, individuals of the plant on 50% of the islands produce spines and leaves laden withalkoids, while the other populations do not. a.) How can you explain this difference?

Later, a hurricane results in defaunation of the islands, but the plants remain. After tracking the plant population on the islands for many generations, you find that the plants that have the spine abd alkoids have lower fitness than individuals without these traits. b.) How can you explain this?

ONLY PART B :

a)Black bears on the island of Newfoundland have a microsatellite heterozygosity of 0.36 while that of the population on the Canadian mainland is 0.792. Calculate the mean inbreeding coefficient of the Newfoundland population assuming that the mainland population is completely outbred and acted as the source of the island population

F = (0.792 - 0.36 ) / 0.792

b)Island populations of species endemic to islands (found only their) have higher mean inbreeding coefficients (F) than island populations of non-endemic species. Populations of island endemics are also more prone to extinction than populations of non-endemics. What does this tell you about inbreeding? Explain why this comparison tells you more than comparing F and extinction rates of island endemics with related taxa on the mainland?

There are examples of species distributed on oceanic islands that have lost their dispersal mechanism. What is an example of one which has become extinct in the past 400 years. Explain whether or not this loss of dispersal ability is an example of natural selection NOT occurring.

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