The first patient is a 39 year old male that presents to the ER with fatigue and shortness of breath. He has a heart rate of 133 bpm, 155/90 bp and a S2 associated with a harsh systolic ejection murmur. In addition he has hemoptysis and complains that his dyspnea is worse at night. He has bilateral rales and peripheral cyanosis. A chest x-ray demonstrates left ventricular hypertrophy.
2. The echocardiogram shows aortic stenosis, with calcification of the aortic valve and thickening of the left ventricular myocardium.
When does the aortic valve open? ___________
How would the valve problem change the cardiac output? ________________________
What has the heart done to improve cardiac output? ________________________
(Think in terms of CO = HR x SV)
3. This patient has increased pulmonary venous pressure of over 25 mm hg. Can you explain the hemoptysis and rales?
Why is it worse at night? (Unless he falls asleep watching TV, sitting upâ¦.hint, hint)
The first patient is a 39 year old male that presents to the ER with fatigue and shortness of breath. He has a heart rate of 133 bpm, 155/90 bp and a S2 associated with a harsh systolic ejection murmur. In addition he has hemoptysis and complains that his dyspnea is worse at night. He has bilateral rales and peripheral cyanosis. A chest x-ray demonstrates left ventricular hypertrophy.
2. The echocardiogram shows aortic stenosis, with calcification of the aortic valve and thickening of the left ventricular myocardium.
When does the aortic valve open? ___________
How would the valve problem change the cardiac output? ________________________
What has the heart done to improve cardiac output? ________________________
(Think in terms of CO = HR x SV)
3. This patient has increased pulmonary venous pressure of over 25 mm hg. Can you explain the hemoptysis and rales?
Why is it worse at night? (Unless he falls asleep watching TV, sitting upâ¦.hint, hint)
