As plants colonized terrestrial environments, they continued to depend on water for reproduction (such ferns). A) Explain two adaptations present in gymnosperms and angiosperms that allowed them reproduce without relying on water. B) Explain the main two adaptations unique to angiosperms that allowed them to dominate terrestrial environments.

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Bunny GreenfelderLv2

31 Aug 2018

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Related questions

1. Invertebrates colonized terrestrial environments independently of vertebrates. However, they faced similar challenges adapting to land. A) Describe three (3) main challenges animals had to face when colonizing land. B) Vertebrates had some key traits derived during their existence in water, which later proved beneficial for colonizing land. Explain how vertebral column, jaws, lungs, and lobed fins paved the way for vertebrates to move from water into land.

C) List 4 different reproductive strategies found in animal species (e.g. parthenogenesis, hermaphroditism, external fertilization, internal fertilization, viviparity, etc). D) For each strategy, describe at least one advantage and one disadvantage.

orangeox422

1. Reducing the dependence of water for reproduction was key for colonizing land. A) On the diagram below, use the letters A-E to indicate where the following adaptations first appeared: seeds, pollen, flowers & fruits. B) For each of those adaptations, explain how each helped plants reduce their dependence on water for reproduction.

Explain A) advantage of promoting outcrossing in plants and preventing self-fertilization, and explain B) two (2) neat/cool mechanisms you learned on how plants pollinate others. Explain C) advantage of dispersing seeds, and explain D) two (2) neat/cool mechanisms you learned on how disperse their seeds.

emeralddinosaur578

Question 1: A slide of a terminal plant bud shows what physical characteristics demonstrating growth?

Answers:

1. an actively dividing group of cells between primordial leaves with undifferentiated vascular tissue

2. a vascular system with vascular bundles

3. spongy mesophyll tissue

4. sieve tubes, vessel elements and tracheids

Question 2: As the earth warmed and dried around 150 MYA, plants requiring _______ for fertilization were no longer dominant, but were eclipsed by plants that were ______ bearing named ___________ (literally naked seeds). These plants used _____ for fertilization freeing themselves from dependence on water. As animals of the era became terrestrial with means of terrestrial reproduction strategies, plants did the same using two different structures along with internal fertilization, the _____ being internal and fertilized by a wind carried _________ grain.

Answers:

1. water, seed, charophytya, dinosaurs, zygote, pollen

2. water, seed, gymnosperms, wind, egg, pollen

3. spores, cone, tracheids, water, pollen, embryo

4. water, flower, angiosperms, animals, spore, egg

Question 3: In the pith region of a stem the vascular system consists of two major structures;

Answers:	1. Phloem with trachieds and vessel elements and xylem with sieve-tubes and companion cells
	2. Sclerechyma fibers and parenchyma cells
	3. Phloem carrying photosynthesis products and xylem carrying water with dissolved nutrients
	4. Phloem carrying water with dissolved nutrients and xylem carrying photosynthesis products.