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9 Jan 2019

https://jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-015-0130-0

This is the link to the research article

1. Describe in 3 sentences or less WHY the authors conducted this research – what was their goal? (4pts)

2. For each of the figures (1-5) provide a one sentence description of the PURPOSE of the figure AND a one sentence CONCLUSION of the experiments in the figure. (15pts) Note that: a. You only need to provide one sentence for the entire figure, not for each panel (a, b, etc.) of the figure. This requires you to summarize info from multiple panels into a concise and informative sentence. b. The purpose of the experiment is a ‘Why’ not a ‘how’ or ‘what’. Your answer should not describe what the figure shows, but why the experiments were done, i.e, what was the goal of doing the relevant group of experiments. c. The conclusion is the take-home message of the figure. As immediately above, your answer should not be a description of what the figure shows, but what the researchers deduce from the experiment

3. In your view, what is the most important figure in the paper? Why? (3pts)

4. In your view, what is the next logical experiment that should be performed given the results presented in the paper? (3pts)

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Tod Thiel
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12 Jan 2019

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Related questions

PURPOSE: To examine the genetic, Biochemical, and Cell biological mechanisms of disease development.

In class we have focused on many of the fundamental principals and techniques of genetics and molecular biology. For this assignment I want you to see how these ideas are applied in studying genetic diseases. In addition, I want you to get insight into the experimental design and procedures that are used for expanding our understanding of genetics and how they are applied to studying and treating human genetic diseases.

The goal will be a final research paper that will be due by the last day of class (April 3, 2016). An outline of what is expected to be presented in the paper is listed below.

Paper Guidelines: Review of a Specific Disease

Components:

A. Clinical Features of the Disease

 Age of onset
 Male/ Female predominance
 Clinical symptoms and pathology  Population distribution

B. Genetics/ Transmission

 Spontaneous/ Inherited
 Inheritance distribution
 Identification/ isolation of gene/ loci  Mutation of gene

C. Molecular Pathology

 Effect of mutation on structure/ function of protein
 What/ how pathways are affected
 Effect on development/ function of cells, tissue, and organs  How gene(s) is related to clinical manifestations
 Animal models

Please note that all of the information may not be available or understood for your disease. I expect each of the sections to be addressed in the paper (A., B., & C.), however the subtopics (identified by bullet points) may not be understood. I would like the paper as complete as possible, however the final content will be determined by what is currently known about the disease.

You will accomplish this in three steps. A description of each step and the due date are presented below.

1) Choosing a disease.
Due Date: Sunday March 13, 2016

I want you to identify a human genetic disease and provide a very brief overview of the disease (Section A). I want you state how the disease is inherited (Autosomal dominant, Autosomal recessive,

etc) a brief description of the clinical features and the gene that is mutated (if known). This assignment should be no more than 2 pages and is worth 50 points towards your final grade.

2) Identify an experimental journal article. Due Date: Sunday March 20, 2016

I want you to identify a published research journal article that examines the genetic disease that you have chosen. The paper must have been published within the last two years. The paper must present experimental evidence that is relevant to your disease. I want you to submit the paper to me as well as write a one page summary of what was learned by the research study and how it applies to the understanding of the molecular pathology of the disease (Section C.). You can search for a journal article using the resources of the library. I would also like you to choose one experiment (figure) in the paper and describe what experimental techniques were used for that part of the study. This section should not exceed 1 page. This is worth 50 points towards your grade.

PURPOSE: To examine the genetic, Biochemical, and Cell biological mechanisms of disease development.

In class we have focused on many of the fundamental principals and techniques of genetics and molecular biology. For this assignment I want you to see how these ideas are applied in studying genetic diseases. In addition, I want you to get insight into the experimental design and procedures that are used for expanding our understanding of genetics and how they are applied to studying and treating human genetic diseases.

The goal will be a final research paper that will be due by the last day of class (April 3, 2016). An outline of what is expected to be presented in the paper is listed below.

Paper Guidelines: Review of a Specific Disease

Components:

A. Clinical Features of the Disease

 Age of onset
 Male/ Female predominance
 Clinical symptoms and pathology  Population distribution

B. Genetics/ Transmission

 Spontaneous/ Inherited
 Inheritance distribution
 Identification/ isolation of gene/ loci  Mutation of gene

C. Molecular Pathology

 Effect of mutation on structure/ function of protein
 What/ how pathways are affected
 Effect on development/ function of cells, tissue, and organs  How gene(s) is related to clinical manifestations
 Animal models

Please note that all of the information may not be available or understood for your disease. I expect each of the sections to be addressed in the paper (A., B., & C.), however the subtopics (identified by bullet points) may not be understood. I would like the paper as complete as possible, however the final content will be determined by what is currently known about the disease.

You will accomplish this in three steps. A description of each step and the due date are presented below.

1) Choosing a disease.
Due Date: Sunday March 13, 2016

I want you to identify a human genetic disease and provide a very brief overview of the disease (Section A). I want you state how the disease is inherited (Autosomal dominant, Autosomal recessive,

etc) a brief description of the clinical features and the gene that is mutated (if known). This assignment should be no more than 2 pages and is worth 50 points towards your final grade.

2) Identify an experimental journal article. Due Date: Sunday March 20, 2016

I want you to identify a published research journal article that examines the genetic disease that you have chosen. The paper must have been published within the last two years. The paper must present experimental evidence that is relevant to your disease. I want you to submit the paper to me as well as write a one page summary of what was learned by the research study and how it applies to the understanding of the molecular pathology of the disease (Section C.). You can search for a journal article using the resources of the library. I would also like you to choose one experiment (figure) in the paper and describe what experimental techniques were used for that part of the study. This section should not exceed 1 page. This is worth 50 points towards your grade.

3) Final Paper.
Due date Sunday April 3, 2016.

Your final paper will address all of the sections presented in the outline above. This will be a combination of steps 1) & 2), however more detail will be expected for each of the three sections than is presented in the first two assignments. You will be expected to use at least three (you will likely find more than three) references and have them properly referenced in your paper. I want the paper organized as presented in the outline. The final paper should not exceed 6 pages (not including references). The final paper is worth 200 points towards your final grade.

Conformity and obedience are forms of social influence, one of the subfields within social psychology. Conformity research addresses the influence the group majority has on individual and group behavior. Sherif and Asch conducted seminal studies on conformity. These researchers and others provide a clear picture of the influence of a group majority on the individual and factors that influence conformity. Research also provides insights into how a minority can influence a group (Fiske, 2014).

For this Discussion, review this week’s media program, Week 6: The Virtual Office. Consider how

Conformity occurred in the virtual office and describes the conditions that led to conformity.

With these thoughts in mind:

1. A brief description of two conditions in the media that led to conformity and explain why.

Using the current literature, explain one way to alter the conditions in the scenario to prevent conformity.

Finally, provide an example where conformity might be good and explain why.

Media Reference

(Interior of the office. Carter and Teresa are talking near the coffee pot.)

CARTER: So how's the job treating you now that you have three months under your belt?

TERESA: I really like it. The hours have been great so far, and working with cardboard has been really fascinating and informative.

CARTER: I know, right? Sometimes it feels too good to be true.

(Jeannette walks toward Carter and Teresa.)

JEANETTE: Morning guys, how's it going?

CARTER: Can't complain, really.

TERESA: Just another Monday.

JEANETTE: Well, here's a bit of news to perk you up. The big boss has asked you, Teresa, to join Carter here, Brian, and myself on our client's specialty subcommittee.

TERESA: Wow, really? What does that even entail?

JEANETTE: Well the three of us have been on this group for a little over a year now. And we basically just brainstorm new client strategies to bring in new ones, and retain our good ones. But of course when I say, "we," I mean Carter and me.

TERESA: Oh?

CARTER: Yeah, have you had much interaction with Brian?

TERESA: Only in passing really. We haven't done any projects together.

JEANETTE: Well you'll see soon enough, that even when you are on a project with him it still feels like “in passing. “

CARTER: He's what you might call "unmotivated," never comes up with ideas, never volunteers to take charge. He's basically dead weight.

TERESA: Well I guess now that you mention it, I have walked passed his desk fairly often and seen him looking at a lot of non-work-related websites.

JEANETTE: Exactly. That's all he ever does. And yet, somehow, he's a notch above us on the totem pole. I've been here for five years and I could really do a lot from his position. It's just not right.

CARTER: That's true. He's really become dead weight lately. I hear he isn't helping his group at all in the packaging presentation to the board either. It's embarrassing. I mean, I know the three of us are constantly embracing the clearly stated company work culture that promotes focused and hard work, whereas he's only promoting slacking. Frankly, I think it's infuriating.

JEANETTE: That is so not fair. Maybe the three of us should all go into the boss's office and say, "Listen, we don't think Brian is pulling his weight anymore. Maybe it's time for change," and then we can just list off everything we've noticed.

CARTER: Absolutely.

TERESA: I don't know if it'd be right for me. I'm still pretty new, and haven't really had much interaction with him.

JEANETTE: Oh no, it's fine. You've seen enough, and it'll definitely sound better coming from all three of us, right?

CARTER: I think so too. It's been a long time coming. Should I set up a meeting with the boss this afternoon? Teresa, are you free around four?

TERESA: Umm, yeah, sure. I can definitely be there.

JEANETTE: Perfect. This is going to be such a relief.

(Brian walks into the break room.)

BRIAN: Morning guys.

JEANETTE, CARTER, and TERESA: Morning Brian.

(Carter, Teresa, and Jeanette turn and walk out of the break room.)

(Onscreen Text: Multiple conditions can lead to conformity. Post a brief description of two conditions in the virtual office which led to conformity to occur and why.)

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