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What are the four mechanisms of cellular adaptation? Explain.

What is the general classification of neoplasms according to their tissue of origin?

How would sickle cell anemia induce ischemia? What are the differences between ischemia and necrosis?

What are the differences between sickle cell anemia and leukemia? Compare their pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, and lab results.

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Lelia Lubowitz
Lelia LubowitzLv2
29 Sep 2019
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Related questions

DNA Structure and Function LabReport

  1. DNA Structure
  2. Which two scientists are credited with discovering DNA?
  1. Name the nitrogen bases that are purines.
  1. Which nitrogen base pairs with thymine?
  1. List the three components of a nucleotide.
  1. DNA Replication
  2. What is the purpose of DNA replication?
  1. How many times does replication occur in the life of acell?
  1. In the Lab, Exercise 2, the original strand on the left had thebases shown below. Input the new bases that correctly pair with theoriginal strand.

Original

New

C

A

G

T
  1. RNA Structure
  1. Describe the structure and function of RNA.
  1. Refer to Exercise 3 and record the bases of the RNA strandproduced from the replicated DNA strand.

DNA

RNA

C

A

G

T

  1. Record the differences between DNA and RNA in the tablebelow.

DNA

RNA

Sugars

Bases

Strands

  1. RNA Synthesis

  1. The process of assembling RNA is called _________.
  1. How is replication different from transcription?
  1. Refer to Exercise 4. Write the letters for the base sequence ofmRNA in the spaces below DNA. Note that the order is reversed;start with the 3’ end of the DNA strand and the 5’ end of the mRNAstrand. Transcription is DNA to mRNA. Note RNA contains Uracilinstead of Thymine; There is no thymine in RNA.

DNA

3’

C

G

T

C

G

T

C

C

A

A

T

T

5’

mRNA

5’

3’

  1. Protein Synthesis

  1. What type of RNA provides amino acids to build polypeptidechains?

  1. If a mRNA strand has the bases 5’ CUC 3’, what amino acid willbe translated? Refer to the printable chart in Exercise 5.

  1. Where in the cell does translation occur?
  1. Genes

  1. What could be the problem if there is a change in the basesequence of a gene as it is passed down to the offspring?
  1. Give an example of a disorder that results from changes in theamino acid sequence.
  1. What causes sickle cell anemia?
  1. Gene Cloning
  1. What is the function of a plasmid?
  1. Print the document from Lab, Exercise 6. Complete the activityalong with the video demonstration. Sign, date, and take an imageof your final product and include with this lab report.

Please give a brief answer for each question:

1. What are the functions of the Golgi complex, which parts oftheir structures help them to play those roles? which type ofprotein you never find in golgi complex?

2. In human body, meiosis is restricted in?

3. Asters definition, structures and functions?

4. Common features of Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes divisionprocess?

5. Which protein for chromatids separation before the journey tospindle poles?

6. Difference between somatic and germline cell?

7. Roles of carbohydrates in cell structures and livingactions?

8. Which organelle contain enzyme such as H2O2 as a by product?Detail its structure and function?

9. Which is the site in biosynthetic pathway where final sortingdecision are made to target protein to the cell surface, lysosomesor secretary granules

10. Which exact place in nucleus are to produce and to assembleribosomes

11. Detail the feature of telophase in meiosis?

12. Which life cycle occur in flowering plants? Detail thefeatures of this type of lifecycle?

- Same question with fungi?

13. What are the kinetochores and their functions?

14. Unique characteristics of Meiosis I that different fromMeiosis II and mitosis?

15. Types of transportation in cell?

16. Detail the Robert Whitaker’s proposal?

17. Lysosome and Peroxisomes differences?

18. Microtubules and Intermediate filaments differences?

19. What are the plastids and their functions? s

20. Cell use which structures for their internal movement?

21. Gametes produced from where and what types of cell?

22. What is the point where replicated chromosomes attach to themicrotubules of the spindle apparatus?

23. Which theory proposed to explain the possible origin ofchloroplasts and mitochondria?

24. Types of fibers in mitosis spindles and their function?

25. Dark reations of photosynthesis occur where inchloroplast?

26. Centriole structure is a ring of how many groups ofmicrotubules?

27. The Cart Woese proposal?

28. Function of Peroxisomes?

29. Functions of Mitochondria DNA

30. Detail the structure of cell membrane?

31. Which structure are the cell power reducer and are the siteof cellular respiration

32. Which structure will never been found in the plant cell butin the animal cell?

33. What are the motor protein and their function in cell?

1. A) Explain how changes in the environment drive evolutionary change. B) Provide and explain an example

2. A) Explain how the Hardy-Weinberg equation allows us to find evidence of evolution. B) Could processes other than Natural Selection result in deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? List and explain each one: C) define what the process is and D) the effect it has on the allele frequency.

3. A gene that is responsible for multiple traits (pleiotropy), for example the same allele causes sickle-cell anemia and provides resistance to malaria. Would a gene that controls these two traits respond equally to natural selection favoring malaria resistance as a non-pleitropic gene that only controls malaria resistance? Explain your answer.

4. A) Explain how lack of genetic variation limits evolution and provide an example. B) Explain how epistasis limits evolution and provide an example

Questions 5-6 are based on the following:

Let’s say you are studying a population of Japanese four o’clock plants. In these plants, the allele for red color flower shows incomplete dominance over the allele for white flowers. This is very convenient for this experiment because you can distinguish the heterozygous (pink flowers) from the homozygous dominant (red flowers). For your experiment, you produced a large number of plants, 25% had red flowers, 25% had white flowers and 50% had pink flowers. You transplanted them into different habitats and left some in the lab (using the same proportions in all the habitats). You waited a few years, while plants reproduce for a few generations and then you go back and resample the populations you’ve transplanted.

5. In the lab you ensured that all individuals receive all requirements to grow and reproduce and mate randomly. A) What do you expect the distribution of the phenotypes after a few generations breeding in the lab? B) Is the lab population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Yes/No, explain

6. In habitat A, you find that you only have red flowering plants and white flowering plants but there are no pink flowering plants. A) Is the population in habitat A in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Yes/No, explain. B) Which one(s) of the five agents of evolutionary change could be responsible for these results? Explain. C) What type(s) of selection (stabilizing, disruptive, directional, oscillating, etc...) could be responsible for the results in habitat A? Explain

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