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6. For each of the following, explain the physiological adaptation(s) that allow(s) the indicated organism to survive in an otherwise lethal environment.

A. Halophile in 3M [NaCl]

B. Endospore in boiling water

C. Psychrophile in an Antarctic lake

D. Acidophile in pH 2 water contaminated by a mine

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Casey Durgan
Casey DurganLv2
29 Sep 2019
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Related questions

I need help with these questions please.

4. Respiratory cultures obtained from an individual with cystic fibrosis should include selective medium for the isolation of

a. Burkholderia pseudomallei.

b. Burkholderia cepacia complex.

c. Acinetobacter baumannii.

d. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.

5. The second- and third-degree burns of a firefighter become infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa while she is hospitalized in the burn unit. What is the most likely environmental source for this organism?

a. Her gastrointestinal tract

b. The bathtub used to debride her wounds

c. Fresh flowers received from her family

d. Her blood pressure cuff

6. A 69-year-old retired army general develops pneumonia after his diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The organism isolated in his sputum culture is an oxidase-positive, wrinkled, non-lactose fermenter with a musty odor that is arginine positive. He probably acquired this organism from

a. aerosols of soil and water while serving in Vietnam.

b. his pet horse.

c. the hospital environment.

d. his normal upper respiratory flora.

8. Hugh-Leifson oxidation-fermentation (OF) medium differs from carbohydrate medium used to identify Enterobacteriaceae by all of the following characteristics except

a. brom thymol blue is used as the pH indicator.

b. a control tube is not required for OF medium.

c. there is a higher percentage of carbohydrate present in OF medium.

d. there is a lower concentration of protein present in OF medium.

9. An oxidase-positive, wrinkled, non-lactose fermenting colony is suspicious for

a. the organism that causes glanders.

b. an individual with cystic fibrosis.

c. a potential bioterrorism agent.

d. a common antibiotic-resistant nosocomial organism.

10. The isolation of an extremely mucoid, oxidase-positive, non-lactose fermenter from the lower respiratory tract usually correlates with the clinical diagnosis of

a. melioidosis.

b. nothing—it is an environmental contaminant.

c. glanders.

d. cystic fibrosis.

I need a good introduction and conlcusion of this experiment below is the expermeint and my results.

In this experiment you will observe the action of the enzyme amylase on starch. Amylase changes starch into a simpler form: the sugar maltose, which is soluble in water. Amylase is present in our saliva, and begins to act on the starch in our food while still in the mouth.

Exposure to heat or extreme pH (acid or base) will denature proteins. Enzymes, including amylase, are proteins. If denatured, an enzyme can no longer act as a catalyst for the reaction.

Benedict's solution is a test reagent that reacts positively with simple reducing sugars like maltose, but will not react with starch. A positive test is observed as the formation of a brownish-red cuprous oxide precipitate. A weaker positive test will be yellow to orange

PRE-LAB:

Add 1g of cornstarch to a beaker containing 100ml of cold distilled water. While stirring frequently, heat the mixture just until it begins to boil. Allow to cool.

PROCEDURE:

1. Fill the 250-mL beaker about 3/4 full of water and place on the hot plate for a boiling water bath. Keep the water JUST AT BOILING.

2. Mark 3 test tubes A, B and C. "Spit" between 1 and 2 mL of saliva into each test tube.

3. Into tube A, add 2 mL of vinegar. Into tubes B and C, add 2 mL of distilled water. Thump the tubes to mix.

4. Place tube B into the boiling water bath for 5 minutes. After the five minutes, remove from the bath, and place back into the test tube rack.

5. Add 5 mL of the starch solution to each tube and thump to mix. Allow the tubes to sit for 10 minutes, occasionally thumping the tubes to mix.

6. Add 5 mL of Benedict's solution to each tube and thump to mix. Place the tubes in the hot water bath. The reaction takes several minutes to begin.

OBSERVATIONS:

Tube A: Starch + saliva treated with vinegar (acid)

Was the test positive or negative? Negative

What does this indicate? The vinegar stops the action of amylase from catalyzing the starch therefore the solution becomes cloudier. This indicates that vinegar (acids) distort the shape of proteins in the salivary amylase.

Results: The solution turns cloudy.

Conclusion: Acids denature the shape of proteins in the salivary


Tube B: Starch + saliva and water, treated in a boiling water bath

Was the test positive or negative? Negative

What does this indicate? It indicates that when enzymes are exposed to extreme temperature for some time they are denatured and therefore become inactive.

Results: The benedict’s solution retained its color as the reaction did not occur. Extreme temperatures denatures enzymes, therefore when the salivary amylase was introduced to a hot water bath for five minutes the amylase was denture.

Conclusion: Salivary amylase/enzymes when introduced to hot temperatures it is a denatured therefore does not react on the substrate.


Tube C: Starch + saliva

Was the test positive or negative? Positive

What does this indicate? This indicates that the salivary amylase successfully worked on the starch.

Results: The benedict’s solution turned brown as an indication of the presence of sugar.

Conclusions: Salivary amylase acts on starch in favorable conditions, ie is optimum te

Please provide a lab report that explains your procedure, results and conclusions. Remember to include pictures of the lab set-up and results. Also, I want you to expand this initial experiment by proposing and testing (in the form of an additional experiment) a testable hypothesis that involves the above general concept. You will be graded on your use of the scientific method and the creativity/complexity of your experiment. Both the above experimentation and your original experiment may be included together into one experiment

1

Assigned as

Homework

1

Which of the following will accelerate transformation of the landscape?

A

Wildfire

B

Increasing temperature

C

Drought

D

All of these answers are correct

Unanswered

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2

Assigned as

Homework

2

Water vapor is a by-product of which of the following?

A

Wind hitting the turbulent surface of the oceans

B

Rain

C

Metabolism of plants and animals

D

Respiration in plants and animals

Unanswered

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3

Assigned as

Homework

3

How does incomplete combustion occur?

A

Incomplete combustion, the reactant burns in oxygen, producing a limited number of products.

B

When there isn't enough oxygen to allow the fuel to react completely to produce carbon dioxide and water.

C

Incompletecombustion is a form of oxidation otherwise known as a fire, in which large amounts of heat and light energy are released, which often results in a flame.

D

Incomplete combustion is the slow, low-temperature, flameless form of combustion, sustained by the heat evolved when oxygen directly attacks the surface of a condensed-phase fuel.

Unanswered

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4

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Homework

4

The average car emits how many pounds of carbon dioxide a year?

A

10,000 pounds

B

3,000 pounds

C

8,000 pounds

D

12,000 pounds

Unanswered

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5

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Homework

5

Which of the following is a characteristic of methane?

A

A molecule released by one ant so that other ants can follow its path

B

A molecule released by a bee to signal nestmates to organize

C

Lifetime in the atmosphere is brief (10-12years)

D

A compound produced by a bacterium that inhibits nearby fungi.

Unanswered

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6

Assigned as

Homework

6

Which of the following is the best sink for atmospheric methane?

A

The greenhouse gases

B

The carbon bases located on land

C

The hydrogen radical in the ocean

D

Hydroxyl radical in the troposphere

Unanswered

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7

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7

What would the temperature of the earth be without a natural greenhouse effect?

A

32 degrees F

B

18 degrees F

C

98 degrees F

D

9,941 degrees F

E

0 degrees F

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8

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Homework

8

Which of the following will affect the global population the most due to a changing climate?

A

Computer manufacturing

B

Adequate oxygen supplies

C

Landscape businesses

D

Adequate water supplies

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9

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9

A "carbon offset" is best defined as which of the following?

A

An increase of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases made in order to compensate for or to offset a greenhouse gas emission made elsewhere.

B

An industrial induced offset of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases made in order to deprive a greenhouse gas emission made elsewhere.

C

A reduction of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases made in order to compensate for or to offset a greenhouse gas emission made elsewhere.

D

An increase of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases made in order to maintain a greenhouse gas emission made elsewhere.

Unanswered

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Homework

10

What is the molecular explanation of why a decrease in oceanic pH will cause fish and coral death?

A

All three answers are correct

B

Acidic pH denatures proteins

C

Acidic pH denatures lipids

D

Acidic pH denatures carbohydrates

Unanswered

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