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Tumor cells often develop mutations that lead to the loss of mitochondria. However, tumor cells are still able to proliferate rapidly even in the presence of oxygen. (1) How is this possible? (2) How would a drug that inhibits hexokinase interfere with cancer growth? (3) Give 2 examples of how a drug could inhibit hexokinase. (4) How could normal cells survive?

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Collen Von
Collen VonLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

2. Cells that accumulate mutations can become cancerous over time. Mutations that develop late in cancer often lead to an increase in microfilament polymerization. (1) How do microfilaments polymerize? (2) Give an example of a possible mutation that would lead to an increase in microfilament polymerization. (3) Why would an increase in microfilament polymerization be advantageous to a cancer cell?


61) How areantiangiogenic drugs used in the treatment of

cancer?


A) These drugsstop the replication of DNA so cancer cells

cannot reproduce.


B) These drugsstop the growth of blood vessels into the

tumor, so the cells "starve" to death.


C) These drugsstop metastasis.


D) These drugsstimulate the immune system.


E) These drugsstimulate the production of free radicals,

which kill cancer cells.



62) Which of the

following is true regarding photodynamic therapy?


A) It involves the use

of light sensitive drugs to target a cancer.


B) It uses magnets to

attract beads coated with a chemotherapeutic drug to acancer.


C) It is presently used

for the treatment of cancers of the breast and ovary.


D) It inhibits

angiogenesis.


E) It involves the use

of antibodies to deliver treatments to a cancer.



63) Which ofthe following types of cancer kills the highest

percentage of people diagnosed with the condition?


A)lung


B)breast


C)prostate


D)skin


E)colon



64) A mutationin which of the following genes can lead to

breast cancer?


A) BT05


B) HeLa


C) BRCA1


D)BCG


E)BCG2



65) If angiogenesis

were not to occur, a tumor would reach the size of a ________and stop growing.


A) period on a

typewritten page (.)


B) baseball


C) grapefruit


D) pea


E) basketball



66) Not onlydoes smoking cause lung cancer, it also doubles

the risk of which of the following types of cancer?


A)stomach


B)prostate


C)bladder



67) For women with a

mutated BRCA gene, the risk of breast cancer is about 60%.However, detection

of the mutated gene can occur before cancer ever develops by


A) testing of a blood

sample.


B) screening

mammography.


C) taking a biopsy of

breast tissue.


D) a PET scan.


E) urinalysis.



68) In some cases, why

doesn%u2019t the immune system recognize and destroy acancer?


A) Cancer cells that

produce abnormal antigens sometimes shed them.


B) Cancer cells have

less surface receptors needed for proper activation of Tcells.


C) Cancer cells have

enough %u201Cself%u201D surface markers as to be identified asnormal cells.


D) Cancer cells develop

from normal cells that cannot regulate cell division.


E) all of the above are

correct.



69) Theultimate goal of the male reproductive system is to


A) ensure thatsperm is produced at the correct time,

coinciding with ovulation.


B) releasesperm into the female's reproductive system.


C) join spermwith an egg, in an environment that favors

fertilization.


D) producelarge numbers of sperm.


E) maintain thehomeostatic condition of the male's body.



70) Synthesisof new sperm cells occurs in the


A) ductusdeferens.


B)urethra.


C) prostategland.


D) epididymis.


E) seminiferous tubules.



71) Externalgenitalia

of the male reproductive system include(s)


A) theejaculatory duct.


B) the urethraand scrotum.


C) the penisand scrotum.


D) thepenis.


E) the penis,urethra, and ejaculatory duct.



72) The releaseof LH in human males signals that


A) inhibin hasinhibited FHS secretion.


B) thehypothalamus has been stimulated to release inhibin.


C) spermproduction must be reduced.


D) the positivefeedback loop that regulates sperm production

is active.


E) blood levels of

testosterone are low

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0 out of 2 points

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2 out of 2 points

Cancer could be caused by _________.

· Question 41

0 out of 2 points

Tumor-suppressor genes _____.

· Question 43

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 44

0 out of 2 points

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2 Loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressors
3 Gain-of-function mutations in oncogenes
4 Loss-of-function mutations in oncogenes
5 Loss-of-function mutations in DNA repair genes

· Question 45

2 out of 2 points

Which statement about the Rb tumor suppressor protein is NOT true?

· Question 46

0 out of 2 points

What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses?

· Question 47

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 48

2 out of 2 points

Gene therapy requires__________.

· Question 49

0 out of 2 points

Plants are more readily manipulated by genetic engineering than are animals because_________.

· Question 50

0 out of 2 points

Genetically engineered plants ________.

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2 out of 2 points

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2 out of 2 points

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· Question 53

2 out of 2 points

Animal cells are protected from their environment by a thin plasma membrane. The membrane must be strong to be protective. What holds the plasma membrane together?

· Question 54

0 out of 2 points

Your lungs and respiratory tract are cleared of particles that you breathe in, such as pollen or other air borne particulates, by the waving motion of cilia lining your respiratory tract. What are the underlying subcellular structures or processes that sponsors this movement in cilia?

· Question 55

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 56

0 out of 2 points

Enzyme catalyzed reactions

· Question 57

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 58

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 59

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 60

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 61

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 62

0 out of 2 points

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2 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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· Question 65

2 out of 2 points

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· Question 66

2 out of 2 points

About how many ribosomes might be found in a typical animal cell?

· Question 67

2 out of 2 points

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· Question 68

0 out of 2 points

The free energy change (ΔG) for synthesis of ATP is +7.3 kilocalories/mole and ΔG for the breakdown of glucose is -686 kilocalories/mole. If ~29 ATP molecules are formed from each glucose molecule during cellular respiration, then about how efficient is cell respiration converting the energy from glucose into ATP?

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2 out of 2 points

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· Question 70

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 71

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 72

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 73

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 74

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 75

0 out of 2 points

Translation in prokaryotes

· Question 76

2 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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· Question 91

0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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· Question 94

2 out of 2 points

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· Question 95

0 out of 2 points

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2 out of 2 points

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· Question 97

0 out of 2 points

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0 out of 2 points

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· Question 99

0 out of 2 points

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· Question 100

0 out of 2 points

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