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Johnny was in an automobile accident where he suffered a complete transection of the spinal cord at T2. Discuss the impact of this injury on the sensory, somatic motor and autonomic branches of the nervous system.

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Collen Von
Collen VonLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Animal Physiology-

1. Our case study included a variety of reflexes, some of which were autonomic reflexes. This means that motoroutput occurred at the level of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, or secretory epithelial cells. Autonomic reflexescan be categorized according to the location where motor information exits the CNS. Consequently, thepupillary light reflex is a: (a) parasympathetic reflex (b) sympathetic reflex

11. Each retina contains a layer of ganglion cells. Axons from these neurons project into two regions on eachside of the body midline. Axons that enable vision project into the: (a) mibrain (b) thalamus (c) sensory cortex

13. Where does central integration occur for reflex turning of the head and the pupillary light reflex? (a) sensory cortex (b) midbrain (c) brainstem

16. Is every reflex associated with the head an autonomic reflex? yes or no

17. Is reflex turning of the head an autonomic reflex? yes or no

20. Sympathetic motor output exits the CNS only at the level of the: (a) brainstem and pelvic cord (b) thoracolumbar spinal cord (c) brainstem and cervical spinal cord

22. How many types of motor nuclei are found within the cord? (a) two, i.e. motor and autonomic (b) three, i.e. motor, sympathetic, and parasympathetic

23. How many motor nuclei are found at the level of the thoracolumbar cord? (a) four (b) two

31. Neurons within the intermediolateral nuclei are innervated by axons that project through the bulbospinalfiber tracts. These tracts originate within the: (a) motor cortex (b) midbrain (c) brainstem

33. Are the left and right paravertebral ganglion chains found along the length of the spinal cord? yes or no

Believe it or not, untreated syphilis infections can have major impacts on the central nervous system. Left unchecked, the virus can damage the spinal cord. A patient reports to the ER with a case of syphilis; they report impaired muscle function and lack of sensation in their legs. An MRI shows a blockage on the lateral and dorsal portions of the (patients) right side of the spinal cord at T-6 (thoracic 6). Explain, in detail, what deficits the patient would expierence.

a) what sensory deficits does the patient experience on the same side as the blockage?

b) what motor deficits does the patient experience on the same side of the blockage?

The autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system

Select one:

a. are components of the peripheral nervous system.

b. relay information about the internal and externalenvironment.

c. contain both motor and sensory nerves.

d. All of the above

In a myelinated axon, action potentials are regenerated

Select one:

a. at the terminal buttons.

b. all along the axon.

c. at gaps in the myelin known as nodes of Ranvier.

d. at the axon hillock.

Which of the following is NOT true of local potentials?

Select one:

a. They are generated on the dendrites and cell body

b. They occur only if threshold is reached

c. They move passively along the membrane

d. They are integrated at the axon hillock

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