1. Complete the following chart:
Organism Metabolizes oxygen Growth in presence of oxygen Growth in absence of oxygen detoxifies byproduct of oxygen Aerobe Facultative anaerobe Strict anaerobe Aerotolerant Microaerophile
2. Compare the results with growth on the aerobic control plate and describe the oxygen requirements of your organisms.
3. If an organism is a strict anaerobe, it cannot survive in the presence of oxygen even for a short time. How might you culture these organisms?
4. An aerobe, facultative anaerobe, strict anaerobe, and an aerotolerant anaerobe are inoculated on a medium in a sealed container with oxygen present. Explain what will happen.
1. Complete the following chart:
Organism | Metabolizes oxygen | Growth in presence of oxygen | Growth in absence of oxygen | detoxifies byproduct of oxygen |
Aerobe | ||||
Facultative anaerobe | ||||
Strict anaerobe | ||||
Aerotolerant | ||||
Microaerophile |
2. Compare the results with growth on the aerobic control plate and describe the oxygen requirements of your organisms.
3. If an organism is a strict anaerobe, it cannot survive in the presence of oxygen even for a short time. How might you culture these organisms?
4. An aerobe, facultative anaerobe, strict anaerobe, and an aerotolerant anaerobe are inoculated on a medium in a sealed container with oxygen present. Explain what will happen.
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QUESTION 7
Which statement most accurately describes the evolutionaryrelationships among the three domains?
Bacteria and Archaea diverged from a common ancestor morerecently than they diverged from their common ancestor withEukarya | ||
Bacteria and Eukarya diverged from a common ancestor morerecently than they diverged from their common ancestor withArchaea | ||
Eukarya and Archaea diverged from a common ancestor morerecently than they diverged from their common ancestor withBacteria | ||
All three domains diverged from a common ancestor at the sametime. |
10 points
QUESTION 8
Bird influenza is an emerging disease. If you were given thetask of using Koch's postulates of finding the pathogen causingbird flu, what sequence of procedures should you use?
(1) Inoculate a healthy bird with the suspected pathogen to seewhether it becomes sick, (2) compare symptoms of that bird withthose of a bird known to have the disease, (3) isolate the pathogenfrom both birds in pure culture and stain them to see whether theyare both Gram-positive, and (4) make a vaccine from the pureculture of one bird and inject it into another to see if itrecovers. | ||
1) Take blood samples from a sick bird, (2) isolate the pathogenin pure culture, (3) treat the bird for the disease and when itrecovers take a second blood sample, and (4) test the blood tocheck whether it no longer contains the pathogen. | ||
1) Inject a bird with the suspected pathogen, (2) inject anotherbird with a control that doesn't contain the suspected pathogen,(3) repeat with more birds, and (4) plate out samples of blood fromboth kinds of birds to see if you can isolate the pathogen in pureculture. | ||
(1) Check whether the suspected pathogen is present in sickbirds, then (2) isolate the pathogen from an infected bird and growit in pure culture, (3) inoculate cells from pure culture into ahealthy bird to see whether it causes the disease, and (4) attemptto isolate the suspected pathogen from the inoculated bird. |
10 points
QUESTION 9
The evolution of organisms that use oxygen in their respirationwas possible only because of the action of a group of bacteria thatproduced oxygen and changed the Earth's atmosphere from an anoxicone to one rich in oxygen. That group of bacteria was:
cyanobacteria | ||
spirochaetes | ||
proteobacteria | ||
Staphylococcus |
10 points
QUESTION 10
Microcystis aeruginosa is a species of cyanobacteria.What CANNOT be true of this species?
It synthesizes organic molecules. | ||
It is an obligate anaerobe | ||
Its cells contain an extensive thylakoid | ||
It uses ammonia to produce proteins. |