answer

watching

views

limemacaw909Lv1

28 Sep 2019

Question 5

:

(a)

With patients with both cases of benign and malignant tumours of the male reproductive system, a common symptom is urinary incontinence or bladder problems. Why would this be the case?

(b) Featured is a specimen of a male with a prostate adenocarcinoma.

Describe two features of malignant tumours.

answer

watching

views

For unlimited access to Homework Help, a Homework+ subscription is required.

You have 0 free answers left.
Get unlimited access to 3.8 million step-by-step answers.

Get unlimited access

Already have an account? Log in

Beverley SmithLv2

28 Sep 2019

Unlock all answers

Get 1 free homework help answer.

Already have an account? Log in

Related questions

Please check and correct answers that are bolded, thankyou

6. Which vitamin is stored in the tissues?

	A
	B
	C

7. The menstrual occurs within 3 or 4 days of which of thefollowing changes in the blood?

	increase in estrogen and decrease in progesterone
	increase in progesterone and decrease in estrogen
	increase in progesterone and estrogen
	decrease in progesterone and estrogen

8. Which statement regarding sperm production and aging istrue?

	Aging increases the amount of sperm produced
	Aging has a variable effect on the amount of spermproduced.
	Aging causes major changes in sperm cell morphology
	Aging causes major changes in sperm cell function

9. Which of the following is a function of the digestivesystem?

	Helping with speech
	Vitamin A production
	Storing blood in the pancreas
	Producing erythropoietin

10. Thinning of the enamel, decrease in nerve cells, recedinggums and loss of muscle of mastication coordination are consideredto be what type of changes in the mouth?

	Abnormal changes
	Age changes

11. A decline in sexual activity with age is primarilyassociated with what age related changes in the physiology of amale?

	Decline in frequency of use
	Deteriorating self-image
	Medication use
	Changes in blood flow

12. Which of the following conditions is not apathological change that effects the stomach?

	Peptic ulcer
	Atrophic Gastritis
	Acute Gastritis
	Stricture

13. Which of the following is an age related cause for fecalincontinence?

	Laxative use
	Ulcerative colitis
	Colorectal cancer
	Disability
	Stool softener

14. A decrease in lactase secretion is an age related changeassociated with the _____________.

	stomach
	small intestine
	large intestine
	pancreas

15. Which of the following statements regarding atrophicgastritis is true?

	causes overproduction of HCL
	causes overproduction of intrinsic factor
	increase absorption of B12
	increase risk for cancer

16. Functional incontinence may be due to a problem withwhat?

	cognitive function
	autonomic system
	urinary bladder
	urethra

17. Which of the following is not a function of nutrients?

	energy for activities
	raw materials for growth
	buffer to maintain pH
	fluid and electrolyte balance

18. Adenosine triphosphate is produced during all of thefollowing processes, except ______.

	Oxidative phosphorylation
	Kreb's cycle
	Electron transport
	Glycation

19. The digestive system helps create nutritional homeostasis,which of the following is one of the four reasons for nutritionalhomeostasis?

	nutrients are formed to supply the energy for vitalfunctions
	nutrients supply raw materials to synthesize body substances
	nutrients counteract against blood so that volume ismaintained
	nutrients tear down worn out substances for later use

20. Women with _____ percent body fat has an increase risk for ashorter life span and weight related diseases.

	18
	22
	27
	31

21. What amount of protein should be consumed daily by an olderadult?

	.25 gram per kilogram of weight
	.5 gram per kilogram of weight
	.75 gram per kilogram of weight
	1 gram per kilogram of weight

22. Stress incontinence is much more common in women than in menbecause women have which of the following?

	longer urethra
	premenopausal thinning
	weakened structures

23. Which of the following is an age related change affectingthe kidneys?

	increase in weight
	increase in width
	decrease in area
	decrease in volume

24. Postmenopausal decrease in estrogen leads to age relatedchanges of the _________.

	Urethra
	Urinary bladder
	Ureter
	Kidney

25. _______ percent of the working capacity of both kidneys isneeded to maintain homeostasis.

	10
	20
	30
	40

26. Which of the following is considered a treatment for urinaryincontinence?

	surgical removal of the sphincter
	medications to modify bladder function
	electric shock therapy

27. Which reproductive hormone provides a decrease risk ofatherosclerosis?

	testosterone
	relaxin
	estrogen
	follicle stimulating hormone

28. Which form of cancer in the female reproductive system rankssecond in occurrence?

	Ovarian
	Cervical
	Endometrial
	Vaginal

29. Which hormone produced in females seems to stimulate thelibido?

	Estrogen
	Progesterone
	Testosterone
	Luteinizing hormone

30. Which of the following regarding prostate cancer istrue?

	it is related to having benign prostatic hypertrophy
	it is more common in white males
	testing for prostatic specific antigen is sensitive andspecific
	it impairs the function of the liver

indigoalligator267

61) How areantiangiogenic drugs used in the treatment of

cancer?

A) These drugsstop the replication of DNA so cancer cells

cannot reproduce.

B) These drugsstop the growth of blood vessels into the

tumor, so the cells "starve" to death.

C) These drugsstop metastasis.

D) These drugsstimulate the immune system.

E) These drugsstimulate the production of free radicals,

which kill cancer cells.

62) Which of the

following is true regarding photodynamic therapy?

A) It involves the use

of light sensitive drugs to target a cancer.

B) It uses magnets to

attract beads coated with a chemotherapeutic drug to acancer.

C) It is presently used

for the treatment of cancers of the breast and ovary.

D) It inhibits

angiogenesis.

E) It involves the use

of antibodies to deliver treatments to a cancer.

63) Which ofthe following types of cancer kills the highest

percentage of people diagnosed with the condition?

A)lung

B)breast

C)prostate

D)skin

E)colon

64) A mutationin which of the following genes can lead to

breast cancer?

A) BT05

B) HeLa

C) BRCA1

D)BCG

E)BCG2

65) If angiogenesis

were not to occur, a tumor would reach the size of a ________and stop growing.

A) period on a

typewritten page (.)

B) baseball

C) grapefruit

D) pea

E) basketball

66) Not onlydoes smoking cause lung cancer, it also doubles

the risk of which of the following types of cancer?

A)stomach

B)prostate

C)bladder

67) For women with a

mutated BRCA gene, the risk of breast cancer is about 60%.However, detection

of the mutated gene can occur before cancer ever develops by

A) testing of a blood

sample.

B) screening

mammography.

C) taking a biopsy of

breast tissue.

D) a PET scan.

E) urinalysis.

68) In some cases, why

doesn%u2019t the immune system recognize and destroy acancer?

A) Cancer cells that

produce abnormal antigens sometimes shed them.

B) Cancer cells have

less surface receptors needed for proper activation of Tcells.

C) Cancer cells have

enough %u201Cself%u201D surface markers as to be identified asnormal cells.

D) Cancer cells develop

from normal cells that cannot regulate cell division.

E) all of the above are

correct.

69) Theultimate goal of the male reproductive system is to

A) ensure thatsperm is produced at the correct time,

coinciding with ovulation.

B) releasesperm into the female's reproductive system.

C) join spermwith an egg, in an environment that favors

fertilization.

D) producelarge numbers of sperm.

E) maintain thehomeostatic condition of the male's body.

70) Synthesisof new sperm cells occurs in the

A) ductusdeferens.

B)urethra.

C) prostategland.

D) epididymis.

E) seminiferous tubules.

71) Externalgenitalia

of the male reproductive system include(s)

A) theejaculatory duct.

B) the urethraand scrotum.

C) the penisand scrotum.

D) thepenis.

E) the penis,urethra, and ejaculatory duct.

72) The releaseof LH in human males signals that

A) inhibin hasinhibited FHS secretion.

B) thehypothalamus has been stimulated to release inhibin.

C) spermproduction must be reduced.

D) the positivefeedback loop that regulates sperm production

is active.

E) blood levels of

testosterone are low

emeraldjellyfish291

QUESTION SET 3

Sexual Selection, Developmental Thresholds, and Ornamentation

INTRODUCTION

In Chapter 10 you read about how sexual selection can drive the evolution of bizarre and sometimes costly ornamentation or weaponry in animals, often in males. This paper reveals a situation where sexual selection is the driver, but the result is more complex than might be expected at first glance. The authors describe some beetle species where different thresholds encountered as larvae result in different levels of ornamentation, and consequently different reproductive strategies.

The authors show that in one family of beetles (the Scarabeidae [dung beetles]), two different threshold mechanisms have independently evolved. Each of these thresholds has a different effect on horn development in the males of these beetles. Both mechanisms are triggered by body size in larvae. For one mechanism, if a larva attains the threshold size its adult morphology (the phenotype it will have after it pupates) switches from being hornless to being horned. The second threshold, also based on larval body size, similarly results in either having a short or a long horn (see Figure 2).

This discovery led the authors to look more closely at other beetle species where male polymorphism was known to occur, and they found two other examples where this double threshold mechanism was operating (see Figure 1). In the family Lucanidae (stag beetles), they found that male trimorphism was characterized by differences in the mandibles, with male mandibles exhibiting three increasing sizes moderated by the thresholds. In the family Curculionidae (weevils), the thresholds controlled the development of ventral body spines. Here, the beetles either lacked spines (and thus resembled females), had short spines, or had long spines.

The authors suggest that this multiple-threshold system may be more prevalent than previously thought, and anticipate more examples coming to light.

QUESTIONS

Question 1

What are polyphenic regulatory developmental mechanisms?

Answer:

Question 2

Can you think of an example of polyphenic regulatory developmental mechanisms besides the beetles mentioned in this paper.

Answer:

Question 3

The authors use the ârock-paper-scissorsâ analogy to describe the potential result of this two threshold system when it comes to reproductive success in dung beetles. As in the game of rock-paper-scissors, each possible pair-wise comparison has a clearly defined winner. Give a hypothetical example of what this might look like in the context of dung beetle mating success.

Answer:

Question 4

What is the difference between the systems described in this paper and the other examples of male trimorphism cited by the authors (in isopods, lizards, and birds)?

Answer:

Question 5

Why might a trimorphic system such as this evolve? Why wouldnât natural selection just drive all males to have the biggest possible horn, spine, or whatever the ornament involved is?

Answer:

Weekly leaderboard

Home

Homework Help 3,900,000

Biology 460,000

Unlock all answers

Related textbook solutions

Molecular Cell Biology

Biology: Science for Life with Physiology

Concepts of Biology

Biology

Essentials of Biology

Related questions

Weekly leaderboard