Question

4.) Reactions with positive standard free energy changes ( G^o’>0) can be made to occur in cells by:

a.Coupling them to the hydrolysis of ATP.

b.Coupling them with exergonic reactions via a common intermediate.

c.Manipulating the concentrations of products and reactants such that G <0.

d.All of the above

6.Glycolysis has to “prime” the substrate glucose before it can subsequently extract energy from the pathway. What is the compound it uses to do this?

a.NADH. b. NAD⁺. c. GTP. d. ADP. e. ATP

10.Which of the following statements about chloroplasts is FALSE?

a.The thylakoid membrane is permeable to protons.

b.The thylakoid membrane contains the photosynthetic electron transport components.

c.Protons are pumped from the stroma into the thylakoid space.

d.ATP is synthesized in the stroma.

e.Chloroplasts divide to form new chloroplasts.

12.What is the source of free energy (G) for moving protons out of the mitochondrial matrix against their concentration and electrical gradients

a.ATP

b.The redox reactions of the electron transport chain

c.Glycolysis

d.Creatine phosphate

13.The F₀ base of ATP synthase contains a ring of 12 subunits while the F₁ head has 5 different protein subunits in the ratios 3:3:1:1:1. It takes ____ protons for the rotor to make one complete revolution, or _____ protons to make one ATP

a.12, 4

b.12, 2

c.4, 4

d.6, 2