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Discuss the virulence characteristics of Escherichia coli strains that cause disease.

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Lelia Lubowitz
Lelia LubowitzLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

The genomic sequences of several closely related pathogenic and non-pathogenic Escherichia coli strains that are associated with extra-intestinal infections of humans have been determined. Upon detailed bioinformatic analysis of their genomic sequences, you identify an interesting DNA sequence that is present in the pathogenic E. coli strains but absent in the non-pathogenic E. coli strains. Based on your analysis of this DNA sequence, you predict that it encodes an outer membrane protein that is a member of the Type V(a) autotransporter family of proteins; autotransporter proteins are known to contribute to E. coli virulence. i) Explain how and why you have concluded that the protein is a Type V(a) autotransporter protein. ii) Assuming that the protein is an autotransporter protein, describe a series of experiments that you would need to undertake: to prove that the protein is located in the outer membrane of the pathogenic coli strains, to determine the protein’s intrinsic biological activity that promotes disease, and to show that this autotransporter protein is a virulence factor that contributes to the ability of the pathogenic coli strains to cause disease.

The genomic sequences of several closely related pathogenic and non-pathogenic Escherichia coli strains that are associated with extra-intestinal infections of humans have been determined. Upon detailed bioinformatic analysis of their genomic sequences, you identify an interesting DNA sequence that is present in the pathogenic E. coli strains but absent in the non-pathogenic E. coli strains. Based on your analysis of this DNA sequence, you predict that it encodes an outer membrane protein that is a member of the Type V(a) autotransporter family of proteins; autotransporter proteins are known to contribute to E. coli virulence.

i) Explain how and why you have concluded that the protein is a Type V(a) autotransporter protein.

ii) Assuming that the protein is an autotransporter protein, describe a series of experiments that you would need to undertake:

to prove that the protein is located in the outer membrane of the pathogenic coli strains,

to determine the protein’s intrinsic biological activity that promotes disease,

and to show that this autotransporter protein is a virulence factor that contributes to the ability of the pathogenic coli strains to cause disease.

Considering that there are pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of bacterial species (E. coli for example), and reflecting on the 5 traits of virulence, describe how non-pathogenic strains could become pathogenic (i.e. what is likely to change). Note, you will needed to discuss both likely changes in the organism as well as any in the host. Appropriate examples will provide clarity to your answer.

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