Answer in short essay format with complete sentences. Please answer both of them.

1. keeping the 1st law of thermodynamics in mind, define cotransport and explain the energy transfers that occur, starting with ATP.

2. what is the role of enzymes in biochemical pathways. differentiate between an enzyme's effect on the activation energy and, âG.

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Answer in short essay format with complete sentences. Please answer both of them.

1. keeping the 1st law of thermodynamics in mind, define cotransport and explain the energy transfers that occur, starting with ATP.

2. what is the role of enzymes in biochemical pathways. differentiate between an enzyme's effect on the activation energy and, âG.

erinlouse371

Please keep it answer between 3to7 sentences. or keep it short.

1. Describe how the âfluid mosaicâ structural model of the cell membrane allows it to perform its function of being âselectively permeableâ.

2. For two of the following types of transport, describe the process itself, how the structure of the cell membrane functions in the transport of molecules, and the significance of each type to a cell. â¢ Facilitated diffusion â¢ Active transport â¢ Endo/Exocytosis

3. Describe the significance of hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions to both animal and plant cells.

4. Energy transfers occur in all cellular activities. Explain this process and the role of ATP in cotransport.

5. Discuss the induced fit model of enzyme-substrate interaction. Include how substrate concentration, temperature changes, and competitive inhibition may affect that interaction. 6. Discuss the similarities and differences between the biochemical pathways of aerobic respiration and photosynthesis.

7. Membranes are important structural components of cells. Describe the role of membranes in the synthesis of ATP in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis.

. Explain how photosynthesis and respiration are linked in orderto provide you with energy from the food you eat.

Include in your essay:

Complete descriptions of photosynthesis and aerobicrespiration.
Describe how these two processes are linked between plants andanimals based on the reactants and products (water, carbon dioxide,glucose and oxygen) of both pathways.
Include a description of how energy is transferred fromsunlight to ATP, from ATP to sugars, and from sugars to yourcells.

2. In the absence of oxygen some cells and organisms can useglycolysis coupled to fermentation to produce energy from the sugarcreated by photosynthesis.

Explain the role of fermentation in allowing an organism togenerate energy for its cell(s) in the absence of oxygen.
Include any reactions required for this process, and explainhow the energy from the sun ends up as chemical energy for theanaerobic organism or cell.

3. Cells use enzymes as biological catalysts to increase oraccelerate the rate of reactions, such as those in photosynthesisor glycolysis. This allows reactions to occur under conditions thatsustain life.

Explain how an enzyme catalyzes a reaction. Include in youressay the three main steps of the cycle of enzyme-substrateinteractions.
How is enzyme activity regulated by the cell?

Reference

Audesirk, T., Audesirk, G., and Byers, B. (2008). Biology Ã¢â¬âLife on earth with physiology (8th Ed.). San Francisco, CA:Benjamin Cummings.